Enterotype May Drive the Dietary-Associated Cardiometabolic Risk Factors.
Enterotype May Drive the Dietary-Associated Cardiometabolic Risk Factors.
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DOI：
10.3389/fcimb.2017.00047
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Ferreira SR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Moraes AC;Fernandes GR;da Silva IT;Almeida-Pititto B;Gomes EP;Pereira AD;Ferreira SR
对人类中称为肠型的典型细菌簇的分析可能有助于了解宿主心脏代谢特征的差异。目前尚不清楚先前描述的三种肠型是否存在于生活在赤道以下的人群中。我们研究了肠型的识别如何有助于解释巴西受试者的饮食与心脏代谢危险因素的关联。在这项横断面研究中，268 名成年人（54.2% 女性）的方便样本报告了他们的饮食习惯，并收集了临床和生物样本。在本研究中，我们分析了粪便微生物群的生化数据和宏基因组学（16SrRNA 测序，V4 区）。使用方差分析比较连续变量，使用卡方检验比较分类变量。 Vsearch 对操作分类单元进行聚类，Silva 数据库提供分类签名。斯皮尔曼系数用于验证每种肠型内细菌丰度之间的相关性。 100 名受试者被归类为杂食者，102 名受试者被归类为乳蛋素食者，66 名受试者被归类为严格素食者。我们发现了与之前描述的三种肠型相同的结构：111 名参与者被分配为拟杆菌属，55 名参与者被分配为普雷沃氏菌属，102 名参与者被分配为瘤胃球菌科肠型。普雷沃菌群中严格素食者的数量高于其他肠型（40.0 vs. 20.7 和 20.6，p = 0.04）。该肠型受试者具有相似的人体测量特征，但平均 LDL-c 浓度低于拟杆菌肠型受试者（96 ± 23 vs. 109 ± 32 mg/dL，p = 0.04）。我们观察到细菌丰度与心脏代谢危险因素之间存在显着相关性，但系数因肠型而异。在普雷沃氏菌肠型中，腹腔真杆菌（r BMI = -0.33，p = 0.03，r HDL-c = 0.33，p = 0.04），Akkermansia（r 2h 葡萄糖 = -0.35，p = 0.02），Roseburia（r BMI = -0.36，p = 0.02 和 r 腰围 = -0.36，p = 0.02）和粪杆菌（r 胰岛素 = -0.35，p = 0.02）丰度与更好的心脏代谢特征相关。先前描述的三种肠道型存在于巴西人中，这支持这些细菌簇不是人群特异性的。普雷沃菌属受试者中与饮食无关的 LDL-c 水平低于其他肠型受试者，这表明前者的保护性细菌簇应该推动这种关联。肠型似乎有助于了解日常饮食对心脏代谢危险因素的影响。需要进行前瞻性研究来证实它们在预测人类表型方面的实用性。
Analyses of typical bacterial clusters in humans named enterotypes may facilitate understanding the host differences in the cardiometabolic profile. It stills unknown whether the three previously described enterotypes were present in populations living below the equator. We examined how the identification of enterotypes could be useful to explain the dietary associations with cardiometabolic risk factors in Brazilian subjects. In this cross-sectional study, a convenience sample of 268 adults (54.2% women) reported their dietary habits and had clinical and biological samples collected. In this study, we analyzed biochemical data and metagenomics of fecal microbiota (16SrRNA sequencing, V4 region). Continuous variables were compared using ANOVA, and categorical variables using chi-square test. Vsearch clustered the operational taxonomic units, and Silva Database provided the taxonomic signatures. Spearman coefficient was used to verify the correlation between bacteria abundances within each enterotype. One hundred subjects were classified as omnivore, 102 lacto-ovo-vegetarians, and 66 strict vegetarians. We found the same structure as the three previously described enterotypes: 111 participants were assigned to Bacteroides, 55 to Prevotella, and 102 to Ruminococcaceae enterotype. The Prevotella cluster contained higher amount of strict vegetarians individuals than the other enterotypes (40.0 vs. 20.7 and 20.6, p = 0.04). Subjects in this enterotype had a similar anthropometric profile but a lower mean LDL-c concentration than the Bacteroides enterotype (96 ± 23 vs. 109 ± 32 mg/dL, p = 0.04). We observed significant correlations between bacterial abundances and cardiometabolic risk factors, but coefficients differed depending on the enterotype. In Prevotella enterotype, Eubacterium ventriosum (r BMI = −0.33, p = 0.03, and r HDL-c = 0.33, p = 0.04), Akkermansia (r 2h glucose = −0.35, p = 0.02), Roseburia (r BMI = −0.36, p = 0.02 and r waist = −0.36, p = 0.02), and Faecalibacterium (r insulin = −0.35, p = 0.02) abundances were associated to better cardiometabolic profile. The three enterotypes previously described are present in Brazilians, supporting that those bacterial clusters are not population-specific. Diet-independent lower LDL-c levels in subjects from Prevotella than in other enterotypes suggest that a protective bacterial cluster in the former should be driving this association. Enterotypes seem to be useful to understand the impact of daily diet exposure on cardiometabolic risk factors. Prospective studies are needed to confirm their utility for predicting phenotypes in humans.