An improved method for detecting anthropogenic CO2 in the oceans
An improved method for detecting anthropogenic CO2 in the oceans
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DOI：
10.1029/96gb01608
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发表时间：
1996-12-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Stocker, TF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gruber, N;Sarmiento, JL;Stocker, TF
本文提出了一种改进的方法，用于从海洋溶解无机碳（C）的大的自然背景变化中分离人为CO2。这种技术采用了一种新的准保守的碳示踪剂三角洲C*，它反映了吸收人为CO2和海气不平衡时，水包裹失去与大气的接触。海-气不平衡分量可以通过使用水龄信息或不受人为瞬变影响的区域中Delta C* 的分布信息与人为信号区分开来。这项技术已应用于1981-1983年在北大西洋海洋瞬变示踪剂和热带大西洋研究航行期间从北大西洋采集的数据。最高的人为CO2浓度和特定的库存（库存每平方米）被发现在亚热带辐合带。在北大西洋，人为CO2已深入到海洋内部，北纬50度以北甚至已到达海底，只有北纬30度以南和3000米以下的沃茨尚未受到影响。我们估计在北大西洋10 ° N和80 ° N之间的人为CO2库存为20 +/- 4 Gt C。Stocker等人[1994]的2.5维海洋环流模型和Sarmiento等人[1995]的三维海洋环流地球化学模型分别预测人为CO2清单为18.7 Gt C和18.4 Gt C，与观测清单吻合良好。在更大的区域范围内存在着重要的差异，这与模型的已知缺陷有关。
An improved method has been developed for the separation of the anthropogenic CO2 from the large natural background variability of dissolved inorganic carbon (C) in the ocean. This technique employs a new quasi-conservative carbon tracer Delta C*, which reflects the uptake of anthropogenic CO2 and the air-sea disequilibrium when a water parcel loses contact with the atmosphere. The air-sea disequilibrium component can be discriminated from the anthropogenic signal using either information about the water age or the distribution of Delta C* in regions not affected by the anthropogenic transient. This technique has been applied to data from the North Atlantic sampled during the Transient Tracers in the Ocean North Atlantic (TTO NAS) and Tropical Atlantic study (TTO TAS) cruises in 1981-1983. The highest anthropogenic CO2 concentrations and specific inventories (inventory per square meter) are found in the subtropical convergence zone. In the North Atlantic, anthropogenic CO2 has already invaded deeply into the interior of the ocean, north of 50 degrees N it has even reached the bottom, Only waters below 3000 m and south of 30 degrees N are not yet affected. We estimate an anthropogenic CO2 inventory of 20 +/- 4 Gt C in the North Atlantic between 10 degrees N and 80 degrees N. The 2.5-dimensional ocean circulation model of Stocker et al. [1994] and the three-dimensional ocean general circulation biogeochemistry model of Sarmiento et al. [1995] predict anthropogenic CO2 inventories of 18.7 Gt C and 18.4 Gt C, respectively, in good agreement with the observed inventory. Important differences exist on a more regional scale, associated with known deficiencies of the models.