Neural Temporal Dynamics of Facial Emotion Processing: Age Effects and Relationship to Cognitive Function.
Neural Temporal Dynamics of Facial Emotion Processing: Age Effects and Relationship to Cognitive Function.
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面部情绪处理的神经时间动力学：年龄效应及其与认知功能的关系
DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01110
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Zhang X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liao X;Wang K;Lin K;Chan RCK;Zhang X
本研究采用事件相关电位（ERP）技术探讨了年龄对任务相关面部表情加工的神经时程动力学的影响及其与认知功能的关系。消极的（悲伤，害怕，愤怒，厌恶），积极的（快乐），和中性的面孔呈现给30名老年人和31名年轻的参与者进行面部情绪分类任务。分析了面孔情绪加工的行为学指标和ERP指标。一个增强的N170消极的面孔，除了完整的右半球N170积极的面孔，观察到老年人相对于年轻的同行。此外，老年人表现出减弱组内N170偏侧效应的中性面孔，而年轻人表现出相反的模式。此外，老年人在刺激后200-500 ms的时间范围内表现出持续的颞枕负性偏转，而年轻人则表现出后部正性和随后的情绪特异性额叶负性偏转。在老年人中，标记负面面孔的准确性降低与蒙特利尔认知评估评分呈正相关，标记中性面孔的准确性与年龄呈负相关。这些结果表明，老年人可能会付出更多的努力，在结构编码的负面面孔和有不同的反应模式，为不同的面部情绪的分类。认知功能可能与在老年人中观察到的面部情绪分类缺陷有关。这可能不是归因于积极性效应：它可能代表了老年人处理负面面部表情的选择性缺陷。
This study used event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate the effects of age on neural temporal dynamics of processing task-relevant facial expressions and their relationship to cognitive functions. Negative (sad, afraid, angry, and disgusted), positive (happy), and neutral faces were presented to 30 older and 31 young participants who performed a facial emotion categorization task. Behavioral and ERP indices of facial emotion processing were analyzed. An enhanced N170 for negative faces, in addition to intact right-hemispheric N170 for positive faces, was observed in older adults relative to their younger counterparts. Moreover, older adults demonstrated an attenuated within-group N170 laterality effect for neutral faces, while younger adults showed the opposite pattern. Furthermore, older adults exhibited sustained temporo-occipital negativity deflection over the time range of 200–500 ms post-stimulus, while young adults showed posterior positivity and subsequent emotion-specific frontal negativity deflections. In older adults, decreased accuracy for labeling negative faces was positively correlated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scores, and accuracy for labeling neutral faces was negatively correlated with age. These findings suggest that older people may exert more effort in structural encoding for negative faces and there are different response patterns for the categorization of different facial emotions. Cognitive functioning may be related to facial emotion categorization deficits observed in older adults. This may not be attributable to positivity effects: it may represent a selective deficit for the processing of negative facial expressions in older adults.