The role of vestibular cues in postural sway
The role of vestibular cues in postural sway
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.00168.2020
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发表时间：
2021-02-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Merfeld, Daniel M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karmali, Faisal;Goodworth, Adam D.;Merfeld, Daniel M.
控制姿势需要关于身体运动和方向的持续感觉反馈，包括来自前庭器官的反馈。关于倾斜、平移、旋转前庭线索的作用知之甚少。我们检查了前庭功能的受试者间差异是否与姿势控制的受试者间差异相关。使用前庭方向识别感知阈值来测定前庭功能，该阈值确定了黑暗中坐在机动平台上的受试者可以可靠感知的最小运动。在研究 A 中，我们测量了横向平移、垂直平移、偏航旋转和以头部为中心的滚动倾斜的阈值。在研究 B 中，我们测量了侧倾、俯仰、左前-右后和右前-左后倾斜的阈值。压力中心 (CoP) 摇摆在感觉组织测试（研究 A）和 Romberg 测试（研究 B）中进行测量。我们发现 CoP 摇摆和横向平移阈值之间存在很强的正相关关系，但 CoP 摇摆和其他阈值之间没有。这一发现表明，侧向平移的前庭编码可能对平衡控制有很大贡献。由于阈值分析的是感觉噪声，因此我们的结果支持前庭噪声导致自发姿势摇摆的假设。具体来说，我们发现横向平移阈值更多地解释了在本体感觉线索改变（相对于固体表面）的姿势测试条件下姿势摇摆的变化，这与当前庭对平衡的贡献较高时姿势摇摆更依赖于前庭噪声一致。这些结果对前庭植入物、平衡假肢和物理治疗练习具有潜在影响。新的和值得注意的前庭反馈对于姿势控制很重要，但人们对倾斜提示、平移提示和旋转提示的作用知之甚少。我们研究了没有已知前庭病理或症状的健康人类受试者。我们的研究结果表明，侧向平移的前庭编码与内侧-外侧姿势摇摆相关，与有助于平衡控制的侧向平移线索一致。这为前庭噪音导致自发姿势摇摆的假设提供了支持。
Controlling posture requires continuous sensory feedback about body motion and orientation, including from the vestibular organs. Little is known about the role of tilt vs. translation vs. rotation vestibular cues. We examined whether intersubject differences in vestibular function were correlated with intersubject differences in postural control. Vestibular function was assayed using vestibular direction -recognition perceptual thresholds, which determine the smallest motion that can be reliably perceived by a subject seated on a motorized platform in the dark. In study A , we measured thresholds for lateral translation, vertical translation, yaw rotation, and head-centered roll tilts. In study B , we measured thresholds for roll, pitch, and left anterior-right posterior and right anterior-left posterior tilts. Center-of -pressure (CoP) sway was measured in sensory organization tests (study A) and Romberg tests (study B). We found a strong positive relationship between CoP sway and lateral translation thresholds but not CoP sway and other thresholds. This finding suggests that the vestibular encoding of lateral translation may contribute substantially to balance control. Since thresholds assay sensory noise, our results support the hypothesis that vestibular noise contributes to spontaneous postural sway. Specifically, we found that lateral translation thresholds explained more of the variation in postural sway in postural test conditions with altered proprioceptive cues (vs. a solid surface), consistent with postural sway being more dependent on vestibular noise when the vestibular contribution to balance is higher. These results have potential implications for vestibular implants, balance prostheses, and physical therapy exercises.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Vestibular feedback is important for postural control, but little is known about the role of tilt cues vs. translation cues vs. rotation cues. We studied healthy human subjects with no known vestibular pathology or symptoms. Our findings showed that vestibular encoding of lateral translation correlated with medial-lateral postural sway, consistent with lateral translation cues contributing to balance control. This adds support to the hypothesis that vestibular noise contributes to spontaneous postural sway.