Pupil dilation reflects the authenticity of received nonverbal vocalizations.
Pupil dilation reflects the authenticity of received nonverbal vocalizations.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-021-83070-x
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发表时间：
2021-02-12
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Prata D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cosme G;Rosa PJ;Lima CF;Tavares V;Scott S;Chen S;Wilcockson TDW;Crawford TJ;Prata D
推断他人情感表达真实性的能力是一种社会认知过程，发生在所有人类互动中。虽然真实性识别的神经认知相关性已经被探索，但其对周围自主神经系统的潜在招募尚不清楚。在这项工作中，我们要求参与者对真实的和表演的笑声和哭声的真实性进行评级，同时记录他们的瞳孔大小，作为认知努力和唤醒的代理。我们报告，第一次，表演笑引起更高的瞳孔放大比真实的，而且，真实的哭引起更高的瞳孔放大比表演的。我们初步认为，他人笑声中缺乏真实性会通过要求更高的认知努力来增加瞳孔放大;此外，哭泣中的真实性会通过引发更高的情绪唤起来增加瞳孔放大。我们还表明，真实的发声和笑声（即真实性和情感的主要影响）被认为比表演发声和哭泣更真实，更有感染力。总之，我们展示了新的证据，表明情感真实性的识别可以在人类自主神经系统的水平上表现出来。尽管如此，鉴于其新奇，有必要进行进一步的独立研究，以确定其心理意义。
The ability to infer the authenticity of other’s emotional expressions is a social cognitive process taking place in all human interactions. Although the neurocognitive correlates of authenticity recognition have been probed, its potential recruitment of the peripheral autonomic nervous system is not known. In this work, we asked participants to rate the authenticity of authentic and acted laughs and cries, while simultaneously recording their pupil size, taken as proxy of cognitive effort and arousal. We report, for the first time, that acted laughs elicited higher pupil dilation than authentic ones and, reversely, authentic cries elicited higher pupil dilation than acted ones. We tentatively suggest the lack of authenticity in others’ laughs elicits increased pupil dilation through demanding higher cognitive effort; and that, reversely, authenticity in cries increases pupil dilation, through eliciting higher emotional arousal. We also show authentic vocalizations and laughs (i.e. main effects of authenticity and emotion) to be perceived as more authentic, arousing and contagious than acted vocalizations and cries, respectively. In conclusion, we show new evidence that the recognition of emotional authenticity can be manifested at the level of the autonomic nervous system in humans. Notwithstanding, given its novelty, further independent research is warranted to ascertain its psychological meaning.
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