THREE CHLOROPHYCEAE FROM ALABAMA SOIL
THREE CHLOROPHYCEAE FROM ALABAMA SOIL
复制标题
阿拉巴马州土壤中的三种绿藻
DOI：
10.1002/j.1537-2197.1959.tb07054.x
复制
发表时间：
1959
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
T. R. Deason
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. R. Deason
迪森，TEMD R.(美国德克萨斯州，奥斯汀)三个来自阿拉巴马州土壤的绿藻。阿默。你好啊。机器人。46(8)：572-578。芽孢杆菌。1959年阿拉巴马州土壤中发现三种新藻类：海绵球藻属(Spongiodiccum gen.)Nov.，有2个种，即四孢链霉菌S.etrasporum sp.11月和阿拉巴马链霉菌S.alabamense sp.11月海绵球菌属的特征是：(1)具有海绵状的质体；(2)存在类果核；(3)衣藻类型的游动孢子。根据游动孢子的类型，修订了Chlorosarcina Gereck属的描述，并根据游动孢子的类型，对Chlorosarcina ismatica sp.11月是这样描述的。这些生物的培养物保存在印第安纳州布鲁明顿印第安纳大学植物学系的藻类培养库中，标本馆标本已被送往伊利诺伊州芝加哥的芝加哥自然历史博物馆。Bold(1950,1958)、Starr(1955)、Herndon(1958)和Arce and Bold(1958)强调了仔细研究单细胞、球形、产生游动孢子的绿藻作为其分类基础的重要性。Starr(1955)使用了以下标准来划分这类藻类的属：(1)生色团类型；(2)是否有类果核；(3)游动孢子类型(即有壁或无壁以及鞭毛的性质)。Herndon(1958)成功地将这些准则推广到他提出的绿藻目的属。本报告中描述的藻类是在对阿拉巴马州黑带土壤中的一些藻类进行研究时分离出来的。对生物的描述是按照Starr(1955)的标准进行的。材料和方法。-这些微生物是1957年9月分离出来的。分离和培养的方法基本上是Bold(1949)和Starr(1955)的方法。培养的基本介质是Bold使用的无机盐介质；这支持了收到的1959年2月15日出版的生物的良好生长。来自于一篇部分满足阿拉巴马大学理科硕士学位要求的论文。作者感谢沃尔特·赫恩登博士在整个调查过程中给予的指导和鼓励。提交人还承认使用了阿拉巴马大学研究委员会的设施。他还感谢汉娜·克罗斯代尔博士准备了拉丁文描述。这里描述了。还采用了土壤-水和土壤浸出物两种介质进行对比观察。培养物在荧光灯下生长(12小时)。灯光，12小时。黑暗)大约120英尺。在约22℃的温度下，用于补充观察活体材料的染色强度包括海登海因苏木素、Feulgen技术和乙卡红制剂。波斯特和劳德迈克(1942)的测试证明了某些墙层的纤维素性。果胶检测结果显示，果胶酶检测结果显示，所用果胶为钌红。图纸是在博士伦相机Lucida的帮助下准备的。显微照片是用Leitz MICAM拍摄的
DEASON, TEMD R. (U. Texas, Austin.) Three Chlorophyceae from Alabama soil. Amer. Jour. Bot. 46(8): 572-578. Illus. 1959.Three new algae from Alabama soil are described as follows: Spongiococcum gen. nov., with 2 species, S. tetrasporum sp. nov. and S. alabamense sp. nov. The distinguishing attributes of the genus Spongiococcum are: (1) possession of a sponge-like plastid; (2) presence of pyrenoids; and (3) Chlamydomonas-type zoospores. The description of the genus Chlorosarcina Gerneck is emended with respect to zoospore type, and Chlorosarcina stigmatica sp. nov. is described. Cultures of these organisms have been deposited in the Culture Collection of Algae, Department of Botany, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, and herbarium specimens have been sent to the Chicago Natural History Museum, Chicago, Illinois. THE IMPORTANCE of careful study of unicellular, spherical, zoospore-producing chlorophycean algae as a basis for their classification has been emphasized by Bold (1950, 1958), Starr (1955), Herndon (1958), and Arce and Bold (1958). Starr (1955) employed the following criteria for delimiting genera in this group of algae: (1) chromatophore type; (2) presence or absence of pyrenoids; (3) zoospore type (i.e., whether walled or unwalled and nature of flagellation). Herndon (1958) extended these criteria successfully to the genera of the order Chlorosphaerales which he prqposed. The algae described in the present report were isolated during a study of some algae of the Black Belt soils of Alabama. The descriptions of the organisms are in terms of the criteria of Starr (1955). MATERIAL AND METHODS.-The organisms were isolated in September, 1957. Methods of isolation and cultivation were essentially those of Bold (1949) and Starr (1955). The basic medium for cultivation was the inorganic salt medium used by Bold; this supported good growth in the organisms ' Received for publication February 15, 1959. From a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the University of Alabama. The writer gratefully acknowledges the guidance and encouragement of Dr. Walter Herndon throughout the course of this investigation. The writer further acknowledges the use of the facilities of the Research Committee of the University of Alabama. He also is grateful to Dr. Hannah Croasdale for preparing the Latin descriptions. here described. Soil-water and soil-extract media also were used for comparative observations. Cultures were grown under fluorescent illumination (12-hr. light, 12-hr. dark) of approximately 120 ft.-c. intensity at temperature of about 22?C. Stains used to supplement observations of living material included Heidenhain's hematoxylin, the Feulgen technique, and acetocarmine preparations. The cellulose nature of certain wall layers was demonstrated by the Post and Laudermilk (1942) test. Tests for pectin used were Ruthenium red, as confirmed by pectinase. Drawings were prepared with the aid of a Bausch and Lomb camera lucida. Photomicrographs were taken with a Leitz Micam