Modifying insect population age structure to control vector-borne disease
Modifying insect population age structure to control vector-borne disease
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DOI：
10.1007/978-0-387-78225-6_11
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
O'Neill, Scott L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cook, Peter E.;McMeniman, Conor J.;O'Neill, Scott L.
年龄是大多数节肢动物媒介传播一系列人类病原体能力的关键决定因素。这是由于大多数病原体在节肢动物宿主中需要一段时间的外在潜伏期才能发生病原体传播。病原体的这一发育期通常占病媒预期寿命的很大比例。因此，只有一小部分年龄最大的人口对病原体传播做出了贡献。有鉴于此，以媒介年龄为目标的策略有望在媒介人口传播疾病的能力方面获得最显著的减少。最近发现的缩短媒介寿命的生物制剂，如沃尔巴克氏菌、昆虫病原真菌和密度病毒，为控制媒介传播的疾病提供了新的工具。由于昆虫年龄分级技术的最新进展，在田间条件下评估这些策略的效果将是可能的。所有这些策略的实施都需要广泛的现场评估，并考虑到病媒寿命的减少可能对病媒和病原体造成的选择压力。
Age is a critical determinant of the ability of most arthropod vectors to transmit a range of human pathogens. This is due to the fact that most pathogens require a period of extrinsic incubation in the arthropod host before pathogen transmission can occur. This developmental period for the pathogen often comprises a significant proportion of the expected lifespan of the vector. As such, only a small proportion of the population that is oldest contributes to pathogen transmission. Given this, strategies that target vector age would be expected to obtain the most significant reductions in the capacity of a vector population to transmit disease. The recent identification of biological agents that shorten vector lifespan, such as Wolbachia, entomopathogenic fungi and densoviruses, offer new tools for the control of vector-borne diseases. Evaluation of the efficacy of these strategies under field conditions will be possible due to recent advances in insect age-grading techniques. Implementation of all of these strategies will require extensive field evaluation and consideration of the selective pressures that reductions in vector longevity may induce on both vector and pathogen.