Time Domains of the Hypoxic Ventilatory Response and Their Molecular Basis.
Time Domains of the Hypoxic Ventilatory Response and Their Molecular Basis.
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DOI：
10.1002/cphy.c150026
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发表时间：
2016-06-13
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Powell FL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pamenter ME;Powell FL
对缺氧的通气反应根据缺氧暴露的模式和长度而变化很大。急性、长时间或间歇性缺氧发作可在缺氧刺激期间和缺氧刺激消除后增加或减少呼吸数秒至数年。这些无数的效应是一个复杂的分子相互作用网络的结果，它是呼吸控制反射回路可塑性的基础，并最终控制缺氧时的呼吸生理。自从生理性低氧诱导反应（HVR）的时域被确定以来，大量的研究工作已经朝着阐明介导这些不同反应的潜在分子机制的方向进行。这项研究已经开始描述复杂的和可塑性的相互作用之间的中继电路外周化学感受器和中枢神经系统内的神经控制电路。有趣的是，这些分子途径中的许多似乎在不同的时间域之间共享关键组分，这表明不同的生理HVR是对重叠途径进行特定修饰的结果。这篇综述强调了已经发现的关于HVR时域的细胞和分子水平控制，并强调了需要进一步研究的关键领域。了解缺氧时通气的分子控制对基础生理学具有重要意义，并且正在成为几个临床领域的重要组成部分。
Ventilatory responses to hypoxia vary widely depending on the pattern and length of hypoxic exposure. Acute, prolonged, or intermittent hypoxic episodes can increase or decrease breathing for seconds to years, both during the hypoxic stimulus, and also after its removal. These myriad effects are the result of a complicated web of molecular interactions that underlie plasticity in the respiratory control reflex circuits and ultimately control the physiology of breathing in hypoxia. Since the time domains of the physiological hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) were identified, considerable research effort has gone toward elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms that mediate these varied responses. This research has begun to describe complicated and plastic interactions in the relay circuits between the peripheral chemoreceptors and the ventilatory control circuits within the central nervous system. Intriguingly, many of these molecular pathways seem to share key components between the different time domains, suggesting that varied physiological HVRs are the result of specific modifications to overlapping pathways. This review highlights what has been discovered regarding the cell and molecular level control of the time domains of the HVR, and highlights key areas where further research is required. Understanding the molecular control of ventilation in hypoxia has important implications for basic physiology and is emerging as an important component of several clinical fields.