Evaluation of Small-Scale Fishers’ Perceptions on Climate Change and Their Coping Strategies: Insights from Lake Malawi
Evaluation of Small-Scale Fishers’ Perceptions on Climate Change and Their Coping Strategies: Insights from Lake Malawi
复制标题
小规模渔民对气候变化的看法及其应对策略评估：来自马拉维湖的见解
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Storebakken
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Limuwa;B. Sitaula;Friday Jack Njaya;T. Storebakken
气候变化的影响对马拉维的农业生产产生了不利影响。在这方面，渔业一直提供替代生计。然而，在小规模渔民应对气候变化方面存在知识差距。因此，2015年8月至2016年4月在马拉维湖西岸进行了一项研究。该研究采用广泛的数据收集和分析方法，评估了气候变化对小型渔民的影响及其应对战略。这项研究采用探索性调查、住户调查、焦点小组讨论和主要知情人访谈来收集数据。这项研究随机抽取了112名拥有渔具或渔船或两者兼而有之的户主。主题内容分析用于分析定性数据。Mann-Kendal检验用于分析气象数据的趋势，二元逻辑回归用于确定影响应对低渔获量的因素。尽管受访者注意到极端天气事件和低渔获量的发生率增加，但他们的看法无法使用时间序列气象数据进行验证。然而，这种看法受到长期暴露于极端天气事件和低渔获量的经验的影响。大多数渔民已适应这些变化，增加了捕鱼时间，使用高效率的非法渔网，扩大耕地，经营小企业，并在农业和渔业活动中从事临时工。由于以下因素的存在，渔民适应这些变化的倾向增加：户主年龄较大、教育水平较高、已婚和有年收入。相反，成为鱼类保护俱乐部的成员降低了调整的可能性。这项研究强调，在界定和确定当地社区对极端天气事件的看法时，需要谨慎，因为获得的数据可能会产生误导。此外，需要采取多部门办法，平衡可持续生计和渔业管理。这些研究结果提供了理论和实践经验教训，可以为撒哈拉以南非洲加强渔业适应能力和促进可持续生计的政策的设计、规划和实施提供信息。
The effects of climate change have negatively affected Malawi’s agricultural production. In this context, fisheries have been providing alternative livelihoods. However, there is a knowledge gap around the responses of small-scale fishers to climate-related changes. Therefore, a study was conducted on the Western shores of Lake Malawi between August 2015 and April 2016. The study evaluated the perceived effects of climate change on small-scale fishers and their coping strategies by employing a wide range of methods for data collection and analysis. The study used explorative surveys, household surveys, focus group discussions and key informant interviews to collect data. The study randomly sampled 112 household heads who owned either fishing gear or a fishing vessel or both. Content analysis for themes was used to analyse the qualitative data. The Mann–Kendal Test was used to analyse trends in meteorological data, and binary logistic regression was used to determine factors that influence coping with low fish catches. Despite the respondents noticing an increased incidence of extreme weather events and low fish catches, their perceptions could not be validated using time series meteorological data. However, such perceptions were influenced by experience from long-time exposure to extreme weather events and to low fish catches. The majority of the fishers had adjusted to these changes by increasing their fishing time, using highly efficient illegal fishing nets, expanding farming land, operating small businesses and undertaking casual labour in agriculture and fishing activities. The fishers’ propensity to adjust to these changes increased due to the presence of the following factors: older age of household head, higher education level, being married and having an annual income. In contrast, being a member of fish conservation club decreased the probability of adjusting. This study emphasizes the need to be cautious when defining and framing perceptions of local communities on extreme weather events as data obtained could be misleading. Furthermore, a multi-sectoral approach to balance sustainable livelihoods and management of fisheries is needed. These findings provide theoretical and practical lessons that can inform design, planning and implementation of policies that enhance adaptive capacity in fisheries and promote sustainable livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Badjeck, Marie-Caroline;Allison, Edward H.;Dulvy, Nicholas K.
通讯作者：
Dulvy, Nicholas K.