Does Real Time Variability in Inhibitory Control Drive Snacking Behavior? An Intensive Longitudinal Study
Does Real Time Variability in Inhibitory Control Drive Snacking Behavior? An Intensive Longitudinal Study
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DOI：
10.1037/hea0000471
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Allan, Julia L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Powell, Daniel J. H.;McMinn, David;Allan, Julia L.
目的：实验室饮食研究和横断面调查表明，执行功能 (EF) 低效的个体比其他人消耗更多不健康的零食。然而，EF 在确定“现实世界”中吃零食行为的重要性尚未确定。当代行为和自我控制理论将 EF 视为一种随时间波动的动态资源。因此，需要测试 EF 与个体行为的相关性。这项研究测试了客观测量的抑制控制（EF 的核心方面）的实时变化对日常生活中随后的零食行为的人内和人间影响。方法：社区样本中的 64 名成年人记录了吃零食的行为，并在连续 7 天内每小时完成一次简短的 Go/No-Go 测试（评估抑制控制），产生了包含 6,284 个数据点的完整样本。使用滞后效应的广义线性混合模型检查了抑制控制效率对零食行为的人内和人际影响。结果：当 Go/No-Go 测试反应比人均值慢 100 毫秒（表明抑制控制较差的时期）时，接下来一小时的零食消耗量会增加 25.67%，Exp (gamma) = 1.26，p = .002，95% 置信区间 (CI) [1.06, 1.49]。个体间，人均反应时间 (RT) 不能预测零食消耗量，Exp (gamma) = 1.02，p = .965，95% CI [0.71, 1.46]。结论：抑制控制效率的 RT 变异性与个体的零食行为高度相关。抑制控制是日常生活中吃零食的重要驱动因素，也是干预措施的重要目标。
Objective: Laboratory eating studies and cross-sectional surveys indicate individuals with inefficient executive function (EF) consume more unhealthy snacks than others. However, the importance of EF in determining snacking behavior in the "real world" has not been established. Contemporary behavioral and self-control theories posit EF as a dynamic resource fluctuating over time. Consequently, a test of the relevance of EF to behavior within individuals is required. This study tested within-and between-person effects of real-time variability in objectively measured inhibitory control (a core facet of EF) on subsequent snacking behavior in daily life. Method: A community sample of 64 adults recorded snacking behavior and completed a short Go/No-Go test (assessing inhibitory control) hourly over 7 consecutive days, yielding a total well-powered sample of 6,284 data-points. Generalized linear mixed models using lagged effects examined within-person and between-person effects of inhibitory control efficiency on snacking behavior. Results: When Go/No-Go test responses were 100 ms slower than the person-mean (indicating periods of poorer inhibitory control), snack consumption in the following hour was 25.67% higher, Exp (gamma) = 1.26, p = .002, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.06, 1.49]. Between-individuals, person-mean reaction time (RT) did not predict snack consumption, Exp (gamma) = 1.02, p = .965, 95% CI [0.71, 1.46]. Conclusions: RT variability in inhibitory control efficiency is highly relevant to snacking behavior within individuals. Inhibitory control is an important driver of snacking in everyday life and an important target for interventions.