mRNA Levels of Placental Iron and Zinc Transporter Genes Are Upregulated in Gambian Women with Low Iron and Zinc Status
mRNA Levels of Placental Iron and Zinc Transporter Genes Are Upregulated in Gambian Women with Low Iron and Zinc Status
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DOI：
10.3945/jn.116.244780
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发表时间：
2017-07-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Moore, Sophie E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jobarteh, Modou Lamin;McArdle, Harry J.;Moore, Sophie E.
背景资料：胎盘在调节微量营养素转运中的作用对母体状态知之甚少。目的：我们调查了产前营养补充对胎盘铁和锌转运调节的影响。方法：在冈比亚农村的一项随机试验中[ENID（早期营养和免疫发育）]，孕妇被分配到4个营养干预组之一：1）铁和叶酸（FeFol）片（FeFol组）; 2）多种微量营养素（MMN）片剂（MMN组）; 3）蛋白质能量（PE）作为基于脂质的营养补充剂（LNS; PE组）;以及4）PE和MMN（PE+MMN组）作为LNS。所有组均包括铁（60 mg/d）和叶酸（400 mg/d）。MMN和PE+MMN组包括30 mg补充Zn/d。在的一个分组中;结果：PE组和PE+MMN组孕晚期母血铁浓度分别比FeFol组和MMN组低45%和78%（P < 0.001）; PE组和PE+MMN组胎盘铁摄取蛋白转铁蛋白受体1的mRNA水平比FeFol组高30-49%（P < 0.031），PE+MMN组也比MMN组高（29%; P = 0.042）。LNS组婴儿脐带血铁蛋白低18-22%（P < 0.024）。与其他干预组相比，MMN组的锌补充与较高的母体血浆锌浓度相关（增加10%; P < 0.001）。细胞内锌摄取蛋白的mRNA水平，在这种情况下zrt，irt样蛋白（ZIP）4和ZIP 8，在PE+MMN组中比未添加锌的干预组低96-205%（P < 0.025）。结论：在母体缺铁和缺锌的情况下，胎盘上调铁和锌摄取蛋白的基因表达，可能是为了在母体缺铁和缺锌的情况下满足胎儿的需要。
Background: The role of the placenta in regulating micronutrient transport in response to maternal status is poorly understood.Objective: We investigated the effect of prenatal nutritional supplementation on the regulation of placental iron and zinc transport.Methods: In a randomized trial in rural Gambia [ENID (Early Nutrition and Immune Development)], pregnant women were allocated to 1 of 4 nutritional intervention arms: 1) iron and folic acid (FeFol) tablets (FeFol group); 2) multiple micronutrient (MMN) tablets (MMN group); 3) protein energy (PE) as a lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS; PE group); and 4) PE and MMN (PE+MMN group) as LNS. All arms included iron (60 mg/d) and folic acid (400 mg/d). The MMN and PE+MMN arms included 30 mg supplemental Zn/d. In a subgroup of; 300 mother-infant pairs, we measured maternal iron status, mRNA levels of genes encoding for placental iron and zinc transport proteins, and cord blood iron levels.Results: Maternal plasma iron concentration in late pregnancy was 45% and 78% lower in the PE and PE+MMN groups compared to the FeFol and MMN groups, respectively (P < 0.001). The mRNA levels of the placental iron uptake protein transferrin receptor 1 were 30-49% higher in the PE and PE+MMN arms than in the FeFol arm (P < 0.031), and also higher in the PE+MMN arm (29%; P = 0.042) than in the MMN arm. Ferritin in infant cord blood was 18-22% lower in the LNS groups (P < 0.024). Zinc supplementation in the MMN arm was associated with higher maternal plasma zinc concentrations (10% increase; P < 0.001) than in other intervention arms. mRNA levels for intracellular zinc-uptake proteins, in this case zrt, irt-like protein (ZIP) 4 and ZIP8, were 96-205% lower in the PE+MMN arm than in the intervention arms without added zinc (P < 0.025). Furthermore, mRNA expression of ZIP1 was 85% lower in the PE+MMN group than in the PE group (P = 0.003).Conclusion: In conditions of low maternal iron and in the absence of supplemental zinc, the placenta upregulates the gene expression of iron and zinc uptake proteins, presumably in order to meet fetal demands in the face of low maternal supply.