Toward a Dichotomy for Approximation of $H$-coloring

Toward a Dichotomy for Approximation of $H$-coloring
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走向$H$着色近似的二分法

DOI:
10.4230/lipics.icalp.2019.91
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
ArXiv
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Thiago Santos
Thiago Santos
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Akbar Rafiey;A. Rafiey;Thiago Santos

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给定两个(di)图G,H和一个代价函数$c:V(G)\times V(H)\to\mathbb {Q}_{\geq 0}\cup\{+\infty\}$,在最小代价同态问题MinHOM(H)中,目标是找到一个同态$f:V(G)\to V(H)$(也称为H-着色),使$\sum\limits_{v\in V(G)} c(v,f(v))$最小化。这个问题的精确最小化的复杂性是很好理解的[34],并且MinHOM(H)是多项式时间可解的有向图类H是所有有向图的一个小子集。 在本文中,我们考虑的MinHOM在一个常数因子的近似。对于有向图,如果H包含有向图星状三元组(DAT),则MinHOM(H)是不可逼近的。我们向近似情况的二分法分类迈出了重要的一步。当H是一个图时,我们给出了MinHOM(H)的一个二分法.对于有向图,我们提供了两类重要的有向图的常数因子近似算法,即双弧有向图(具有保守半格多态性或最小序的有向图)和k-弧有向图(具有扩展最小序的有向图)。具体而言,我们表明: 1. \textbf {Dichotomy for Graphs:} MinHOM(H)有$2| V(高)|如果图H是保守多数多态图(即H是双弧图),则它是不可逼近的; 2. MinHOM(H)有一个$|V(高)|当H是双弧有向图时的^2 $-逼近算法; 3. MinHOM(H)有一个$|V(高)|有向k-弧图的^2 $-近似算法。 总之,我们显示了这些结果的重要性,并提供了见解,实现二分法分类近似的情况下。我们的常数因子取决于H的大小。然而,我们的算法的实现提供了一个更好的近似比。它留下了开放的研究分类的有向图H,其中MinHOM(H)允许一个常数因子近似算法,是独立于H。
Given two (di)graphs G, H and a cost function $c:V(G)\times V(H) \to \mathbb{Q}_{\geq 0}\cup\{+\infty\}$, in the minimum cost homomorphism problem, MinHOM(H), goal is finding a homomorphism $f:V(G)\to V(H)$ (a.k.a H-coloring) that minimizes $\sum\limits_{v\in V(G)}c(v,f(v))$. The complexity of exact minimization of this problem is well understood [34], and the class of digraphs H, for which the MinHOM(H) is polynomial time solvable is a small subset of all digraphs. In this paper, we consider the approximation of MinHOM within a constant factor. For digraphs, MinHOM(H) is not approximable if H contains a digraph asteroidal triple (DAT). We take a major step toward a dichotomy classification of approximable cases. We give a dichotomy classification for approximating the MinHOM(H) when H is a graph. For digraphs, we provide constant factor approximation algorithms for two important classes of digraphs, namely bi-arc digraphs (digraphs with a conservative semi-lattice polymorphism or min-ordering), and k-arc digraphs (digraphs with an extended min-ordering). Specifically, we show that: 1. \textbf{Dichotomy for Graphs:} MinHOM(H) has a $2|V(H)|$-approximation algorithm if graph H admits a conservative majority polymorphims (i.e. H is a bi-arc graph), otherwise, it is inapproximable; 2. MinHOM(H) has a $|V(H)|^2$-approximation algorithm if H is a bi-arc digraph; 3. MinHOM(H) has a $|V(H)|^2$-approximation algorithm if H is a k-arc digraph. In conclusion, we show the importance of these results and provide insights for achieving a dichotomy classification of approximable cases. Our constant factors depend on the size of H. However, the implementation of our algorithms provides a much better approximation ratio. It leaves open to investigate a classification of digraphs H, where MinHOM(H) admits a constant factor approximation algorithm that is independent of H.
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