Stress Memory and the Inevitable Effects of Drought: A Physiological Perspective.
Stress Memory and the Inevitable Effects of Drought: A Physiological Perspective.
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压力记忆和干旱的不可避免的影响：一种生理观点。
DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2016.00143
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Munné-Bosch S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fleta-Soriano E;Munné-Bosch S
植物通过调节生理机能来适应环境的变化而生长发育。非生物环境的变化会在数年、季节和几天内发生，但也会在几分钟甚至几秒钟内发生。在这种不断变化的环境中，植物可以快速调整其结构和功能以优化生长和繁殖。植物对反复干旱（即反复干旱周期）的反应不同于对单一干旱事件的反应；事实上，在自然界中，植物通常会经历持续时间和强度不同的干旱循环。如今，人们对更好地理解植物对反复干旱的反应机制越来越感兴趣，至少部分原因是发现了触发植物干旱胁迫记忆的表观基因组变化。然而，除了表观基因组变化之外，在研究植物对反复干旱的反应时，还应该考虑其他方面：从其他“组学”方法（转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学）的变化，到植物结构的变化；所有这些都有助于我们更好地理解植物胁迫记忆及其潜在机制。在这里，我们提出了一个例子，反复干旱影响观赏性植物菊苣叶片的色素组成，并讨论了结构变化（在这种情况下，在光合机构）对植物对反复干旱的反应的重要性；它们代表了一种胁迫印记，可以影响植物对随后的胁迫事件的反应。重点放在考虑结构变化的重要性，除了在“组学”水平的生理调整，以更好地理解植物的应激记忆。
Plants grow and develop by adjusting their physiology to changes in their environment. Changes in the abiotic environment occur over years, seasons, and days, but also over minutes and even seconds. In this ever-changing environment, plants may adjust their structure and function rapidly to optimize growth and reproduction. Plant responses to reiterated drought (i.e., repeated cycles of drought) differ from those to single incidences of drought; in fact, in nature, plants are usually exposed to repeated cycles of drought that differ in duration and intensity. Nowadays, there is increased interest in better understanding mechanisms of plant response to reiterated drought due, at least in part, to the discovery of epigenomic changes that trigger drought stress memory in plants. Beyond epigenomic changes, there are, however, other aspects that should be considered in the study of plant responses to reiterated drought: from changes in other “omics” approaches (transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics), to changes in plant structure; all of which may help us to better understand plant stress memory and its underlying mechanisms. Here, we present an example in which reiterated drought affects the pigment composition of leaves in the ornamental plant Silene dioica and discuss the importance of structural changes (in this case in the photosynthetic apparatus) for the plant response to reiterated drought; they represent a stress imprint that can affect plant response to subsequent stress episodes. Emphasis is placed on the importance of considering structural changes, in addition to physiological adjustments at the “omics” level, to understand stress memory in plants better.