Passivizability of Idioms: Has the Wrong Tree Been Barked Up?
Passivizability of Idioms: Has the Wrong Tree Been Barked Up?
复制标题
习语的被动化：是不是树错了树皮？
DOI：
10.1177/0023830919847691
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Dominic Thompson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Maria Kyriacou;K. Conklin;Dominic Thompson
越来越多的研究支持习语的部分组合性，而习语被认为是在句法灵活性方面的变化。有些习语，如kick the bucket，被认为是不灵活的，不能在不失去比喻意义的情况下被被动化（即，桶被踢死了）。至关重要的是，这一点从未得到实证研究结果的证实。在本研究中，我们采用眼动追踪的方法来考察习语的被动形式（灵活的和不灵活的）是否保留或失去了它们的比喻意义。主动和被动的成语（他踢了桶/桶被踢了）和不协调的主动和被动控制短语（他踢了苹果/苹果被踢了）被插入到句子中，使相应的成语（死）的比喻意义偏置。主动习惯用法是一个基准。我们假设，如果被动化成语保留其比喻意义（桶被踢=死），他们应该比控制短语更有效地处理，因为他们的比喻意义将是一致的上下文。另一方面，如果被动化的习语失去了它们的比喻意义（桶被踢了=桶被踢了），那么它们的意义应该和两个控制短语的意义一样不协调，在这种情况下，我们预计它们的处理过程不会有什么不同。眼动模式表明，被动习语（灵活和不灵活）控制短语的加工优势，从而表明他们的比喻意义是不妥协。这些发现挑战了习语灵活性的分类，突出了语言的创造性本质。
A growing number of studies support the partial compositionality of idiomatic phrases, while idioms are thought to vary in their syntactic flexibility. Some idioms, like kick the bucket, have been classified as inflexible and incapable of being passivized without losing their figurative interpretation (i.e., the bucket was kicked ≠ died). Crucially, this has never been substantiated by empirical findings. In the current study, we used eye-tracking to examine whether the passive forms of (flexible and inflexible) idioms retain or lose their figurative meaning. Active and passivized idioms (he kicked the bucket/the bucket was kicked) and incongruous active and passive control phrases (he kicked the apple/the apple was kicked) were inserted in sentences biasing the figurative meaning of the respective idiom (die). Active idioms served as a baseline. We hypothesized that if passivized idioms retain their figurative meaning (the bucket was kicked = died), they should be processed more efficiently than the control phrases, since their figurative meaning would be congruous in the context. If, on the other hand, passivized idioms lose their figurative interpretation (the bucket was kicked = the pail was kicked), then their meaning should be just as incongruous as that of both control phrases, in which case we would expect no difference in their processing. Eye movement patterns demonstrated a processing advantage for passivized idioms (flexible and inflexible) over control phrases, thus indicating that their figurative meaning was not compromised. These findings challenge classifications of idiom flexibility and highlight the creative nature of language.
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2015-10
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
Douglas M. Bates;M. Maechler;Ben Bolker;Steven C. Walker
通讯作者：
Douglas M. Bates;M. Maechler;Ben Bolker;Steven C. Walker
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Barr, Dale J.;Levy, Roger;Scheepers, Christoph;Tily, Harry J.
通讯作者：
Tily, Harry J.
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Jaeger, T. Florian
通讯作者：
Jaeger, T. Florian