Dual Perspective: Free Indirect Discourse and Related Techniques
Dual Perspective: Free Indirect Discourse and Related Techniques
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双重视角：自由间接引语及相关技巧
DOI：
10.2307/1769380
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发表时间：
1972
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Paul Hernadi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Paul Hernadi
众所周知，苏格拉底在柏拉图的《理想国》第三卷中，根据是诗人、人物还是诗人和人物交替说话，区分了文学话语的三种模式。经常被忽视的是：考虑到他的对话者的理解缓慢，苏格拉底以一个“不好的演讲者”的方式说明了他的作者，形象和混合语言的概念，他“不会把整个主题，但会把一个部分去掉”，以支持他的论点（B。Jowett的翻译）。当然，我们永远不会知道苏格拉底是如何构想“主体的整体”的。然而，最近两千三百年的文学史令人信服地补充了他的混合言语的例子，荷马式的直接引用，整合了演绎和miniesis的新技术，作者的呈现和行为的模仿表现。
T IS WELL KNOWN that Socrates, in the third book of Plato's Republic, distinguished three modes of literary discourse according to whether the poet, the characters, or poet and characters alternately speak. What has been overlooked too often is this: Mindful of his interlocutor's slow understanding, Socrates illustrated his concepts of authorial, figural, and mixed speech in the manner of a "bad speaker" who "will not take the whole of the subject, but will break a piece off" in order to support his argument (B. Jowett's translation). We will, of course, never know how Socrates conceived of the "whole of the subject." Yet the last twenty-three hundred years of literary history have persuasively supplemented his example for mixed speech, the Homeric type of direct quotation, with new techniques of integrating diegesis and miniesis, the authorial presentation and the impersonating representation of action.1