PSYCHOSOCIAL ADJUSTMENT IN PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN WITH ATOPIC ECZEMA
PSYCHOSOCIAL ADJUSTMENT IN PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN WITH ATOPIC ECZEMA
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DOI：
10.1136/adc.69.6.670
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发表时间：
1993-12-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
DAVID, TJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DAUD, LR;GARRALDA, ME;DAVID, TJ
特应性湿疹是一种慢性皮肤病，在儿童早期最为常见，这是儿童社交和情感发展的重要阶段。将 30 名患有严重特应性湿疹的学龄前儿童的精神适应和母子依恋与 20 名匹配的对照组进行比较。湿疹患者的行为症状显着增加，7/30 (23%) vs 1/20 (5%)；过度依赖/粘着，15/30 (50%) vs 2/20 (10%)；恐惧，12/30 (40%) v 2/20 (10%)；和睡眠困难，19/30 (63%) vs 9/20 (45%)，但两组在依恋安全性方面没有显着差异，25/29 (86%) vs 14/20 (70%)。患有特应性湿疹的孩子的母亲在外部工作的比例显着降低（8/29 (27%) vs 13/20 (65%)），或感到社会支持的比例（10/29 (34%) vs 13/20 (65%)）。其中显着更多的人（9/30 (30%) vs 1/20 (5%)）在养育子女方面感到特别有压力，并且在管教受影响的孩子方面效率较低。尽管如此，与早期文献报道不同，他们并没有对孩子表现出消极态度。相反，母亲对孩子持积极的共情态度，7/14 (50%) vs 2/16 (12%)。儿童行为问题（7/14 (50%) vs 2/16 (12%)）和产妇困扰（12/14 (85%) vs 5/16 (31%)）在受影响较严重的儿童中更为常见。轻微的行为问题和养育困扰是幼儿期严重特应性湿疹的重要特征，但特应性湿疹不会导致母子依恋的不安全感。
Atopic eczema is a chronic skin disorder that is most common in early childhood, an important stage in the child's social and emotional development. The psychiatric adjustment and mother-child attachment in 30 preschool children with severe atopic eczema was compared with 20 matched controls. Patients with eczema had a significant increase in behaviour symptoms, 7/30 (23%) v 1/20 (5%); with significant excess of dependency/clinginess, 15/30 (50%) v 2/20 (10%); fearfulness, 12/30 (40%) v 2/20 (10%); and sleep difficulty, 19/30 (63%) v 9/20 (45%), but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the security of attachments, 25/29 (86%) v 14/20 (70%). Significantly fewer mothers of children with atopic eczema were in outside employment, 8/29 (27%) v 13/20 (65%), or felt supported socially, 10/29 (34%) v 13/20 (65%). Significantly more of them, 9/30 (30%) v 1/20 (5%), felt particularly stressed in relation to their parenting and less efficient in their disciplining of the affected child. In spite of this and at variance with earlier reports in the literature, they did not display negative attitudes towards their child. On the contrary mothers had a positive empathic attitude towards the child, 7/14 (50%) v 2/16 (12%). Child behaviour problems, 7/14 (50%) v 2/16 (12%), and maternal distress, 12/14 (85%) v 5/16 (31%), were significantly more common in the more severely affected children. Minor behaviour problems and parenting distress are important features of severe atopic eczema in early childhood but atopic eczema does not lead to insecurity of the mother-child attachment.