Air pollution, pollens, and daily admissions for asthma in London 1987-92
Air pollution, pollens, and daily admissions for asthma in London 1987-92
复制标题
DOI：
10.1136/thx.53.10.842
复制
发表时间：
1998-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
10
通讯作者：
Strachan, DP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson, HR;de Leon, AP;Strachan, DP
背景 - 1987 - 1992年在伦敦进行了一项研究，以调查哮喘每日住院人数与空气污染之间的关系，以及空气中花粉可能产生的混杂和修饰效应。
方法 - 针对所有年龄组以及0 - 14岁、15 - 64岁和65岁及以上年龄组，使用泊松回归来估计与臭氧、二氧化硫、二氧化氮和颗粒物（黑烟）变化相关的哮喘每日住院的相对风险，同时控制时间趋势、季节因素、日历效应、流感流行、温度、湿度和自相关。使用双污染物模型以及包含花粉计数（草、橡树和桦树）的模型来探究单个污染物的独立效应以及与气传过敏原的相互作用。
结果 - 在全年分析中，臭氧与15 - 64岁年龄组的住院人数显著相关（8小时臭氧浓度每增加10 ppb，住院人数增加3.93%），二氧化氮与0 - 14岁和65岁及以上年龄组相关（24小时二氧化氮浓度每增加10 ppb，分别增加1.25%和2.96%），二氧化硫与0 - 14岁年龄组相关（24小时二氧化硫浓度每增加10μg/m³，增加1.64%），黑烟与65岁及以上年龄组相关（黑烟浓度每增加10μg/m³，增加5.60%）。在0 - 14岁和15 - 64岁年龄组中观察到臭氧存在显著的季节性差异，并且在0 - 14岁年龄组中，寒冷季节与臭氧呈负相关。一般来说，长达三天的累积滞后往往比单日滞后显示出更强且更显著的效应。在双污染物模型中，这些关联对于臭氧最为稳健，对于二氧化氮最不稳健。没有证据表明与空气污染物的关联是由于任何花粉的混杂作用，并且除了儿童中二氧化硫和草花粉的协同作用外，几乎没有证据表明花粉和污染之间存在相互作用（p<0.05）。
Background-A study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between daily hospital admissions for asthma and air pollution in London in 1987-92 and the possible confounding and modifying effects of airborne pollen.Methods-For all ages together and the age groups 0-14, 15-64 and 65+ years, Poisson regression was used to estimate the relative risk of daily asthma admissions associated with changes in ozone, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and particles (black smoke), controlling for time trends, seasonal factors, calendar effects, influenza epidemics, temperature, humidity, and autocorrelation. Independent effects of individual pollutants and interactions with aeroallergens were explored using two pollutant models and models including pollen counts (grass, oak and birch).Results-In all-year analyses ozone was significantly associated with admissions in the 15-64 age group (10 ppb eight hour ozone, 3.93% increase), nitrogen dioxide in the 0-14 and 65+ age groups (10 ppb 24 hour nitrogen dioxide, 1.25% and 2.96%, respectively), sulphur dioxide in the 0-14 age group (10 mu g/m(3) 24 hour sulphur dioxide, 1.64%), and black smoke in the 65+ age group (10 mu g/m(3) black smoke, 5.60%). Significant seasonal differences were observed for ozone in the 0-14 and 15-64 age groups, and in the 0-14 age group there were negative associations with ozone in the cool season. In general, cumulative lags of up to three days tended to show stronger and more significant effects than single day lags. In two-pollutant models these associations were most robust for ozone and least for nitrogen dioxide. There was no evidence that the associations with air pollutants were due to confounding by any of the pollens, and little evidence of an interaction between pollens and pollution except for synergism of sulphur dioxide and grass pollen in children (p