Racial disparity in psychotropic medications prescribed for youths with Medicaid insurance in Maryland.
Racial disparity in psychotropic medications prescribed for youths with Medicaid insurance in Maryland.
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马里兰州为拥有医疗补助保险的青少年开出的精神药物方面存在种族差异。
DOI：
10.1097/00004583-199802000-00010
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Riddle,MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zito,JM;Safer,DJ;dosReis,S;Riddle,MA
DESIGNA 回顾性分析是根据精神药物和医疗药物接受者的种族，使用州医疗补助处方药报销申请对 5 至 14 岁青少年进行的。METHODA 基于个人的数据集是根据马里兰州 1991 财年医疗补助管理数据创建的，得出以下结果：(1) 每 100 名合格参保者中处方药接受者患病率的估计； (2) 按种族划分的相对处方使用比例（非裔美国人与白种人）； (3) 种族和地理区域与处方流行率之间的相互关系。 结果观察到五个主要发现：(1) 5 至 14 岁拥有医疗补助保险的非洲裔美国青年服用精神药物的可能性不到拥有医疗补助保险的白人青年的一半（39% 至 52%）； (2) 非精神药物类别的相对差异不太明显：非洲裔美国青少年服用非精神药物的比例是白人青少年的 60% 至 87%； (3) 兴奋剂（主要是哌醋甲酯）的非洲裔美国人/白人比例差异最大（1:2.5）； (4) 精神药物的种族差异并未因部分（非连续注册）资格状态而改变； (5) 尽管地理差异减少了种族差异，但显着的种族差异 (1:2.0) 仍然存在。 结论与白种人相比，拥有医疗补助保险的 5 至 14 岁非裔美国青少年接受精神药物治疗的比例明显较低。
DESIGNA retrospective analysis was conducted using state Medicaid prescription drug reimbursement claims for youths aged 5 through 14 years according to the race of the recipients of psychotropic and medical drugs.METHODA person-based data set was created from Medicaid administrative data for fiscal year 1991 from the state of Maryland to yield the following: (1) estimates of prevalence of prescription recipients per 100 eligible enrollees; (2) relative prescription use ratios according to race (African-American versus Caucasian); and (3) the interrelation of race and geographic region on prescription prevalence.RESULTSFive major findings were observed: (1) African-American youths with Medicaid insurance aged 5 through 14 were less than half (39% to 52%) as likely to have been prescribed psychotropic medications as Caucasian youths with Medicaid insurance; (2) the relative difference for nonpsychotropic medication classes was much less pronounced: African-American youths were prescribed nonpsychotropic medications at a rate 60% to 87% of the Caucasian youths' rate; (3) the stimulants (essentially methylphenidate) had the most disparate African-American/Caucasian ratio (1:2.5); (4) the racial disparity for psychotropics was not altered by partial (noncontinuous enrollment) eligibility status; and (5) although geographic variation reduced the racial disparity, the substantial racial difference (1:2.0) remained.CONCLUSIONSCompared with Caucasians, African-American youths aged 5 through 14 with Medicaid insurance coverage showed a distinctly lower rate of treatment with psychopharmacological agents.