A placebo-controlled study to assess Standardized Field Sobriety Tests performance during alcohol and cannabis intoxication in heavy cannabis users and accuracy of point of collection testing devices for detecting THC in oral fluid
A placebo-controlled study to assess Standardized Field Sobriety Tests performance during alcohol and cannabis intoxication in heavy cannabis users and accuracy of point of collection testing devices for detecting THC in oral fluid
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-012-2732-y
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发表时间：
2012-10-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Ramaekers, J. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bosker, W. M.;Theunissen, E. L.;Ramaekers, J. G.
标准化现场清醒测试（SFST）和口服液设备分别用于筛查驾驶障碍和路边毒品检测。SFST已被验证用于酒精，但其对其他药物引起的损害的敏感性相对未知。大多数口腔液体装置对Delta（9）-四氢大麻酚（THC）的敏感性和特异性一直较低。本研究评估了吸食大麻伴和不伴酒精对SFST性能的影响。使用两种装置（Drager Drug TestA（R）5000和Securetec DrugwipeA（R）5）检查口腔液中THC的存在。20名重度大麻使用者（15名男性和5名女性;平均年龄，24.3岁）参加了一项双盲、安慰剂对照研究，评估SFST上受损个体的百分比和两种口腔液装置的敏感性。参与者接受酒精剂量或酒精安慰剂与400 μ g/kg体重THC的组合。我们的目标是达到0.5和0.7 mg/mL的血液酒精浓度峰值。大麻与单腿站立的表现显著相关（p = 0.037）。酒精与大麻的组合与水平凝视眼球震颤的损害显著相关（p = 0.029）。Drager Drug TestA（R）5000对四氢大麻酚的敏感度较高，而Securetec DrugwipeA（R）5的敏感度较低。缺乏敏感性可能归因于耐受性和测试时间。SFST对两种剂量的酒精均敏感。Drager Drug TestA（R）5000似乎是一种有前途的工具，用于检测口腔液中的THC，就正确的THC检测而言。
Standardized Field Sobriety Tests (SFST) and oral fluid devices are used to screen for driving impairment and roadside drug detection, respectively. SFST have been validated for alcohol, but their sensitivity to impairment induced by other drugs is relatively unknown. The sensitivity and specificity for Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) of most oral fluid devices have been low.This study assessed the effects of smoking cannabis with and without alcohol on SFST performance. Presence of THC in oral fluid was examined with two devices (Drager Drug TestA (R) 5000 and Securetec DrugwipeA (R) 5).Twenty heavy cannabis users (15 males and 5 females; mean age, 24.3 years) participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study assessing percentage of impaired individuals on the SFST and the sensitivity of two oral fluid devices. Participants received alcohol doses or alcohol placebo in combination with 400 mu g/kg body weight THC. We aimed to reach peak blood alcohol concentration values of 0.5 and 0.7 mg/mL.Cannabis was significantly related to performance on the one-leg stand (p = 0.037). Alcohol in combination with cannabis was significantly related to impairment on horizontal gaze nystagmus (p = 0.029). The Drager Drug TestA (R) 5000 demonstrated a high sensitivity for THC, whereas the sensitivity of the Securetec DrugwipeA (R) 5 was low.SFST were mildly sensitive to impairment from cannabis in heavy users. Lack of sensitivity might be attributed to tolerance and time of testing. SFST were sensitive to both doses of alcohol. The Drager Drug TestA (R) 5000 appears to be a promising tool for detecting THC in oral fluid as far as correct THC detection is concerned.