Factors associated with over-serving at drinking establishments
Factors associated with over-serving at drinking establishments
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DOI：
10.1111/add.12843
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发表时间：
2015-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Rossow, Ingeborg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Buvik, Kristin;Rossow, Ingeborg
目的是解决的特点，饮酒场所，调酒师和顾客可能会影响过度服务的可能性。设计一个系统的检查425购买企图与假醉酒的顾客制定脚本，根据法律，应导致拒绝酒精销售。在挪威三个最大的城市（特隆赫姆，卑尔根和奥斯陆）的饮酒场所，年龄在20-30岁的男性和女性演员在周末的晚上访问，共购买425个项目。当伪醉酒的顾客被提供酒精时，记录了过量服务。系统地记录了饮酒场所、调酒师和伪醉酒顾客的特征。结果425次购买尝试中有347次（82%）是伪醉酒顾客。在双变量分析中，过度服务率增加的场地特征，音乐/噪音水平和醉酒水平的顾客。这些因素相互关联，并与照明不良相关。过度服务率也较高时，伪醉酒的顾客是女性，当购买企图发生在午夜之后。在多变量分析中，两个因素显著增加了过度服务的可能性：一个很高的有问题的酒吧指标得分（顾客中照明不良、音乐/噪音水平高和醉酒水平高）[校正比值比（OR）= 3.5，95%置信区间（CI）= 1.9，6.4]和假性醉酒顾客的女性性别（调整后OR= 2.6，95% CI= 1.4，4.7）。当两个危险因素都存在时，过度服务的比率为95%，当两个因素都不存在时，过度服务的比率为67%。结论在挪威的城市环境中，过度服务可能经常发生，并增加了不良的照明，大声的音乐和高中毒水平的顾客之间的风险因素。
Aims To address characteristics of drinking establishments, bartenders and patrons that may affect the likelihood of over-serving. Design A systematic examination of 425 purchase attempts with pseudo-intoxicated patrons enacting scripts that, according to the law, should lead to the denial of alcohol sales. Setting and Participants Drinking establishments in the three largest cities in Norway (Trondheim, Bergen and Oslo) were visited by male and female actors aged 20-30 years on weekend nights, with a total of 425 purchase items. Measurements Over-serving was recorded when the pseudo-intoxicated patron was served alcohol. Characteristics of the drinking establishment, the bartender and the pseudo-intoxicated patron were recorded systematically. Results Pseudo-intoxicated patrons were served in 347 of 425 purchase attempts (82%). In bivariate analyses, the over-serving rate increased with venue characteristics, music/noise level and intoxication level among patrons. These factors were intercorrelated and correlated with poor lighting. The over-serving rate was also higher when the pseudo-intoxicated patron was female and when the purchase attempt occurred after midnight. In multi-variate analyses, two factors increased the likelihood of over-serving significantly: a high problematic bar indicator score (poor lighting, high music/noise level and high intoxication level among patrons) [adjusted odds ratio (OR)= 3.5, 95% confidence interval (CI)= 1.9, 6.4] and female gender of pseudo-intoxicated patrons (adjusted OR= 2.6, 95% CI= 1.4, 4.7). The rate of over-serving was 95% when both risk factors were present and 67% when both factors were absent. Conclusions In urban settings in Norway, it is likely that over-serving occurs frequently, and is increased by the risk factors of poor lighting, loud music and high intoxication level among patrons.