Essentials of Dental Radiography and Radiology
Essentials of Dental Radiography and Radiology
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牙科放射学和放射学要点
DOI：
10.1038/sj.dmfr.4600714
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. White
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. White
自霍华德·拉珀引入第一门牙科放射学课程并于1913年编写第一本牙科放射学教科书以来，口腔和颌面部放射学一直在牙科课程中获得了明确的部分。他的书名为《初级和牙科放射摄影术》，像许多后续著作一样，从X光机及其操作的描述开始，然后是关于如何制作牙科X光片、辐射防护和牙科X光片的解释的章节。当然，他的书中的一些章节给现在的读者留下了古怪的印象。Raper描述了患者如何暴露在不超过两分钟的时间内，以避免急性皮炎。我们也不经常有机会使用牙科荧光镜，它很容易制成，方法是在一块硬纸板上涂上钨酸钙或氰化铂，然后把它放在两块透明玻璃之间，然后再加一个把手。最好是在操作员适应黑暗之后，在黑暗的房间里使用牙科透视。那么，在编写了90年的牙科教科书之后，现在的现状是什么呢？最近对亚马逊的一次访问。Com透露，目前有10本面向牙科学生的牙科放射学教科书正在印刷中。其中一半是全面的，因为它们涵盖了成像的基本原则，并包含了对口腔疾病及其放射学表现的相当详细的描述。文本的另一半主要侧重于放射学，同时通过说明常见的颌骨放射学异常并描述关键的放射学和临床特征来涵盖放射学解释。埃里克·惠茨的《牙科放射摄影和放射学要领》就属于这一类。本版的序言指出，本版的目的是以教学手册的形式，而不是以一本全面的参考书的形式，对牙科放射学和放射学的基本主题提供基本和实用的描述。作为伦敦大学国王学院盖伊、国王和圣托马斯牙科研究所牙科放射科的高级讲师和荣誉顾问，作者完全有资格完成这项任务。这本书在多大程度上实现了目标？例如，关于X射线、辐射防护、根尖周射线照相术和牙科全景断层摄影术的产生、性质和相互作用的章节都被很好地说明，覆盖范围广泛，并为学生提供了许多实用的指导。例如，关于根尖周摄影的章节，有几节讲述了平行和平分角度技术的优点和缺点，以及如何处理下颌第三磨牙、牙塞、根管治疗、无牙槽脊和儿童的困难。关于替代和专门成像方式的一章涵盖对比研究、放射性同位素、CT、数字、超声波和磁共振成像。关于牙科X光照片选择标准的一章将是一个有用的补充。这本书有一半是关于放射学解释的。关于龋齿和修复体、根尖周组织和牙周组织的章节展示了许多X光片以及牙齿或骨骼疾病进展的大量示意图。植入物评估一章描述了可用于治疗计划以及植入物后续检查的成像方式。其他口腔疾病的放射学评估主要在颌骨放射透明(或可变不透明)病变的鉴别诊断章节中介绍。这些章节基本上提供了一份损伤列表，并为每种情况概述了信息。…
Oral and maxillofacial radiology has earned a welldefined portion of the dental curriculum since the time of Howard Raper, who introduced the first course in dental radiology and wrote the first textbook of dental radiology in 1913. His book, entitled Elementary and Dental Radiography, like many following, begins with a description of X-ray machines and their operation and is followed with sections on how to make dental radiographs, radiation protection, and interpretation of dental radiographs. Of course some sections of his book strike the current reader as quaint. Raper describes how patient exposure should not exceed two minutes so as to avoid acute dermatitis. Nor do we often have occasion to use a dental fluoroscope, easily made by coating a disk of cardboard with calcium tungstate, or platino-barium cyanide, containing it between two discs of transparent glass, and adding a handle. It is best to use a dental fluoroscope in a darkened room after the operator is dark-adapted. So what is the state of the art after nine decades of dental textbook writing? A recent visit to Amazon. com revealed that there are currently ten dental radiology textbooks in print intended for dental students. Half of these are comprehensive in that they cover the basic principles of imaging as well as contain rather detailed descriptions of oral diseases and their radiographic manifestations. The other half of the texts place primary emphasis on radiography while covering radiographic interpretation by illustrating common radiographic abnormalities of the jaws and describing key radiographic and clinical characteristics. Essentials of Dental Radiography and Radiology by Eric Whaites falls into this latter category. The preface of this edition states that the objective of this edition isto provide a basic and practical account of the essential subject matter of both dental radiography and radiology'in the form of ateaching manual rather than a comprehensive reference book.'As the Senior Lecturer and Honorary consultant in Dental Radiology in charge of the Department of Dental radiology, Guy's, King's and St Thomas' Dental Institute, King's College, University of London, the author is certainly well qualified for this task. How well does this book accomplish its goal? The chapters on The production, properties and interactions of X-rays, Radiation protection, Periapical radiography, and Dental panoramic tomography, for instance, are nicely illustrated, extensive in their coverage, and provide much practical guidance for the student. The chapter on Periapical radiography, for example, has sections on the advantages and disadvantages of paralleling and bisected angle techniques, and how to manage difficulties with mandibular third molars, gagging, endodontic procedures, edentulous ridges and children. The chapter on Alternative and specialized imaging modalities covers contrast studies, and radioisotope, CT, digital, ultrasound and MR imaging. A chapter on selection criteria for dental radiographs would be a useful addition. Half the book is devoted to radiographic interpretation. The chapters on Dental caries and restorations, The periapical tissues, and The periodontal tissues show many radiographs as well as numerous schematic drawings of disease progression in teeth or bone. The chapter on Implant assessment describes the imaging modalities available for treatment planning as well as follow-up examination of implants. Radiographic assessment of the other oral diseases is presented primarily in chapters on differential diagnosis of radiolucent (or variable opacity) lesions of the jaws. These chapters provide essentially a list of lesions and for each condition outline information …