Prescription opioids prior to injection drug use: Comparisons and public health implications
Prescription opioids prior to injection drug use: Comparisons and public health implications
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DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.08.016
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Riggs, Paula
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Al-Tayyib, Alia A.;Koester, Stephen;Riggs, Paula
背景：处方阿片类药物和海洛因流行相互交织，是美国的一个主要公共卫生问题，使用这些物质的人的发病率和死亡率不断上升。方法：2015年6月至12月，在科罗拉多州丹佛市，采用受访者驱动抽样的方法招募了吸毒者，作为国家HIV行为监测系统的一部分。结果：在599名参与者(中位数年龄，40岁：智商，19-69岁；71%男性；58%的白人，非西班牙裔)中，192人(32%)报告在首次注射前对处方阿片类药物上瘾。与注射前没有上瘾的参与者相比，报告被上瘾的参与者明显更有可能是更年轻、更新的注射者，报告第一次注射时年龄略大，并报告海洛因是第一次注射的毒品以及最频繁注射的药物。报告上瘾的人也更有可能更频繁地使用苯二氮类药物、非注射处方阿片类药物和非注射海洛因，并报告每天或超过每天注射。在过去12个月中，注射吸毒者至少一次过量用药的风险增加了1.55倍(95%可信区间：1.14，2.10)。结论：注射前吸食处方阿片类药物可能会导致注射吸毒者的风险增加。(C)2016爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Background: The intertwining prescription opioid and heroin epidemic is a major public health problem in the United States, with increasing morbidity and mortality among persons who use these substances. We examined differences between persons who reported being hooked on prescription opioids prior to injecting for the first time and those who did not by demographics, injection and non-injection characteristics, and overdose.Methods: Between June and December 2015, persons who inject drugs were recruited using respondent-driven sampling as part of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance system in Denver, Colorado.Results: Of 599 participants (median age, 40: IQR, 19-69; 71% male; 58% white, non-Hispanic), 192 (32%) reported being hooked on prescription opioids before they injected for the very first time. Compared to participants who were not hooked before they injected, participants who reported being hooked were significantly more likely to be younger, more recent injectors, report a slightly older age at first injection, and report heroin as the first drug injected as well as the drug most frequently injected. Those who reported being hooked were also more likely to be more frequent users of benzodiazepines, non-injection prescription opioids, and non-injection heroin as well as report injecting on a daily or more than daily basis. Being hooked on prescription opioids prior to injection drug use was associated with a 1.55 (95% CI: 1.14, 2.10) fold increase in the risk of at least one overdose in the past 12 months.Conclusions: Being hooked on prescription opioids prior to injection might result in a higher risk profile for persons who inject drugs. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.