Surfactant properties differentially influence intravascular gas embolism mechanics.
Surfactant properties differentially influence intravascular gas embolism mechanics.
复制标题
表面活性剂特性对血管内气体栓塞力学有不同的影响。
DOI：
10.1007/s10439-010-0120-5
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Eckmann,DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Swaminathan,TN;Ayyaswamy,PS;Eckmann,DM
当气泡接近细胞、在细胞上移动并经过细胞时，血管中的气泡运动在衬于血管壁的细胞表面处引起剪切应力的时间和空间梯度。在这种运动过程中，细胞表面受到的剪切应力的符号会发生快速逆转。这可能会导致细胞损伤。与等效的无表面活性剂的系统相比，本体培养基中可溶性表面活性剂的存在降低了赋予细胞表面的剪切应力梯度的水平，并且是重要的治疗辅助。这对于一艘非常小的船来说尤其如此。在这项研究中，我们分析了各种物理和化学性质的任何给定的可溶性表面活性剂，以确定的相对重要性的表面活性剂的属性上的剪切应力梯度的水平的降低赋予细胞表面在这样的容器。虽然吸附、脱附和最大可能的单层界面表面活性剂浓度显着影响剪切应力水平，但体扩散率或表面扩散率等物理性质似乎不会产生很大影响。在给定的直径下，从增加气泡和血管壁之间的间隙尺寸以及相应地降低赋予内皮细胞的剪切应力水平的观点来看，注意到具有1 × 10^{-4}$的表面活性剂是优选的。与相同条件下较小尺寸的气泡相比，几乎闭塞的气泡的剪切应力特性最受表面活性剂引入的剪切应力水平的影响。这些观察结果可以为选择表面活性剂治疗气体栓塞相关疾病提供依据。
Gas bubble motion in a blood vessel causes temporal and spatial gradients of shear stress at the cell surface lining the vessel wall as the bubble approaches the cell, moves over it and passes it by. Rapid reversals occur in the sign of the shear stress imparted to the cell surface during this motion. These may result in injury to the cell. The presence of a soluble surfactant in the bulk medium reduces the level of the shear stress gradients imparted to the cell surface as compared to an equivalent surfactant-free system and is an important therapeutic aid. This is particularly true for a very small vessel. In this study, we analyze various physical and chemical properties of any given soluble surfactant to ascertain the relative significance of the property of the surfactant on the reduction in the level of the shear stress gradients imparted to the cell surface in such a vessel. While adsorption, desorption, and maximum possible monolayer interface surfactant concentration significantly impact the shear stress levels, physical properties such as the bulk or surface diffusivity do not appear to have large effects. At a given diameter, surfactants withand $${\Upgamma_\infty/C_0d}\,>\,9.5 \times 10^{-4}$$ are noted to be preferable from the point of view of an increased gap size between the bubble and vessel wall, and a corresponding reduction in the shear stress level imparted to an endothelial cell. The shear stress characteristics of nearly occluding bubbles, in contrast with smaller sized bubbles under identical conditions, are most affected by the introduction of a surfactant in regard to shear stress levels. These observations could form a basis for choosing surfactants in treating gas embolism related illnesses.