The discovery of polyribosomes
The discovery of polyribosomes
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DOI：
10.1002/bies.20846
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Noll, Hans
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Noll, Hans
到20世纪60年代初，已有越来越多的证据表明，蛋白质是由基因的特殊RNA拷贝合成的，称为信使RNAs(MRNAs)，而不是直接从细胞质核糖体中发现的稳定RNA合成。然而，蛋白质链究竟是如何沿着RNA组装起来的，特别是蛋白质合成过程中mRNAs和核糖体之间的关系，仍然不清楚。在这篇文章中，我讨论了我的实验室是如何发现多个核糖体遍历每一个信使核糖核酸，产生被称为多聚体的结构。这项工作导致了编码率的第一次物理测定，对蛋白质链如何启动的新见解，以及真核细胞中的叶绿体和线粒体最终可能来自共生细菌的早期暗示。《生物文集》30：1220-1234,2008。(C)2008年威利期刊公司。
By the early 1960s, evidence had accumulated that proteins were synthesized from special RNA copies of genes, named "messenger RNAs" (mRNAs), not directly from the stable RNAs found in the ribosomes of the cytoplasm. Yet, precisely how the protein chains were assembled along the RNA and, in particular, the relationship between the mRNAs and the ribosomes during protein synthesis, was obscure. In this account, I discuss how my laboratory found that multiple ribosomes traverse each mRNA, yielding the structures known as polysomes. This work led on to the first physical determination of the coding ratio, new insights into how protein chains are initiated, and an early suggestion that chloroplasts and mitochondria in eukaryotic cells might ultimately have been derived from symbiotic bacteria. BioEssays 30:1220-1234, 2008. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.