Neuronal and microglial mechanisms of neuropathic pain.

Neuronal and microglial mechanisms of neuropathic pain.
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DOI:
10.1186/1756-6606-4-31
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发表时间:
2011-07-30
期刊:
影响因子:
3.6
通讯作者:
Wu LJ
Wu LJ
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhuo M;Wu G;Wu LJ

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神经性疼痛通常定义为由外周和/或中枢神经损伤引起的慢性疼痛状态。神经性疼痛的有效治疗仍然缺乏,部分原因是在分子水平上对病理机制的理解不足。神经病理性疼痛的神经元机制,尤其是突触可塑性,是许多研究者关注的焦点。在脊髓和皮层水平的N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体依赖性突触可塑性被认为有助于损伤后增强的感觉反应。神经胶质细胞,包括星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞,最近被牵连在神经性疼痛。这些神经胶质细胞与神经元形成密切的相互作用,因此可以在病理条件下调节伤害性传递。本文就神经病理性疼痛的神经元和小胶质细胞机制的研究进展作一综述。我们认为活动依赖性神经元可塑性是神经病理性疼痛治疗的关键靶点。
Neuropathic pain is generally defined as a chronic pain state resulting from peripheral and/or central nerve injury. Effective treatment for neuropathic pain is still lacking, due in part to poor understanding of pathological mechanisms at the molecular level. Neuronal mechanisms of neuropathic pain, especially synaptic plasticity, are the major focus of many investigators. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor dependent synaptic plasticity at the spinal and cortical levels is believed to contribute to enhanced sensory responses after injury. Glial cells, including astrocytes and microglia, have recently been implicated in neuropathic pain. These glial cells form close interactions with neurons and thus may modulate nociceptive transmission under pathological conditions. In this review, we present recent progress in the study of neuronal and microglial mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain. We propose that activity-dependent neuronal plasticity is a key target for treatment in neuropathic pain.
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