LOADS ON THE LUMBAR SPINE - VALIDATION OF A BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS BY MEASUREMENTS OF INTRADISCAL PRESSURES AND MYOELECTRIC SIGNALS
LOADS ON THE LUMBAR SPINE - VALIDATION OF A BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS BY MEASUREMENTS OF INTRADISCAL PRESSURES AND MYOELECTRIC SIGNALS
复制标题
DOI：
10.2106/00004623-198264050-00008
复制
发表时间：
1982-01-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
NACHEMSON, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SCHULTZ, A;ANDERSSON, G;NACHEMSON, A
研究了基于生物力学模型的腰椎压缩载荷和腰躯干肌肉收缩力预测的有效性。通过对躯干 12 个位置的肌电活动和第三腰椎间盘压力的定量测量来验证预测。任务 (25) 由 4 名健康志愿者等距执行。该模型预测，这些任务对脊柱施加的平均压缩载荷高达 2400 N，并且需要背部后部肌肉的收缩力高达 1800 N。测量到的椎间盘内压力高达 1600 kpascal。预测的数量和测量的数量具有很好的相关性。显然，该模型充分预测了腰椎的压缩载荷和背部肌肉的张力。患有腰背疾病的患者限制了他们的身体活动，这表明脊柱的负荷一定是导致这些疾病的一个因素。不需要测量身体活动对脊柱施加的负荷；它们可以很容易地计算出来。这将显着加速腰部疾病的生物力学研究。用于预测脊柱上的负载的计算技术可用于计算任何骨骼结构上的负载。这些载荷很大程度上不是由外部施加的载荷决定的，而是由这些施加的载荷的力矩以及结构必须支撑的身体部分的重量的力矩决定的。
The validity of predictions of compressive loads on the lumbar spine and contraction forces in lumbar trunk muscles based on a biomechanical model were studied. The predictions were validated by quantitative measurements of myoelectric activities at 12 locations on the trunk and of the pressure in the 3rd lumbar disc. Tasks (25) were performed isometrically by 4 healthy volunteers. The model predicted that the tasks imposed mean compressive loads on the spine of as much as 2400 N and required contraction forces of the posterior muscles of the back of as much as 1800 N. Intradiscal pressures of as much as 1600 kpascals were measured. The predicted and measured quantities were well correlated. Apparently, the model adequately predicted the compressive loads on the lumbar spine and the tensions in the back muscles. Patients with low-back disorders limit their physical activities, which indicates that loading on the spine must be a factor in those disorders. The loads imposed on the spine by physical activities need not be measured; they can easily be calculated. This will significantly accelerate biomechanics research on low-back disorders. The calculation techniques for predicting loads on the spine can be used to calculate the loads on any skeletal structure. Those loads are largely determined not by the externally applied loads, but by the moments of those applied loads and by the moments of the weights of the body segments that the structure must support.