Levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α during breast carcinogenesis
Levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α during breast carcinogenesis
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DOI:
10.1093/jnci/93.4.309
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发表时间:
2001-02-21
影响因子:
10.3
通讯作者:
van der Wall, E
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bos, R;Zhong, H;van der Wall, E
Background: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor that regulates gene expression in critical pathways involved in tumor growth and metastases. In this report, we investigated whether the level of HIF-1 alpha is increased during carcinogenesis in breast tissue and is associated with other tumor biomarkers. Methods: Paraffin-emhedded clinical specimens from five pathologic stages of breast tumorigenesis and from normal breast tissue were used. HIF-1 alpha protein and the biomarkers vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), HER-2/neu, p53, Ki-67, and estrogen receptor (ER) were identified immunohistochemically, and microvessel density (a measure of angiogenesis) was determined, Associations among levels of HIF-1 alpha and these biomarkers were tested statistically. All statistical tests are two-sided. Results: The frequency of HIF-1 alpha -positive cells in a specimen increased with the specimen's pathologic stage (P