Evidence that eating frequency is inversely related to body weight status in male, but not female, non-obese adults reporting valid dietary intakes
Evidence that eating frequency is inversely related to body weight status in male, but not female, non-obese adults reporting valid dietary intakes
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.ijo.0800552
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发表时间：
1998-02-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Kirk, TR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drummond, SE;Crombie, NE;Kirk, TR
目的：研究进食频率（EF）与体重状况之间的关系，并确定这些关系是否可以用身体活动水平、常量营养素摄入或能量补偿的差异来解释。设计：横断面设计；自由生活的受试者，48名男性和47名女性（年龄在20-55岁，身体质量指数（BMI） 18-30），在工作场所招募。测量：身高、体重；皮褶厚度（四个部位）；EF、能量和常量营养素摄入量（连续7天记录未称重的食物日记）；身体活动（7天活动日记和48小时内心率监测）。结果：在男性中，EF与体重呈显著负相关，与体重指数（BMI）呈负相关。EF与碳水化合物能量百分比呈正相关，但与总能量摄入无关。在女性中，EF与体重状况没有关系；然而，EF与总能量摄入量、总碳水化合物和总糖摄入量之间存在显著正相关。对于男性和女性来说，EF和身体活动水平之间存在关联，接近统计学意义。结论：在男性中，增加的EF和较低体重状态之间的关联可能受到增加的身体活动水平的影响。由于能量摄入没有随着EF的增加而增加，男性似乎通过减少每次进食的平均能量消耗来补偿。能量补偿在女性中没有发生，吃得最频繁的女性能量摄入最高，尽管这并不会导致更高的bmi。通过积极的休闲活动进行的体育活动可能是控制女性体重的一个重要因素。在男性和女性中，碳水化合物占总能量的百分比与EF呈正相关，进一步的分析表明，零食提供的碳水化合物比例高于正餐。这些结果表明，高EF可能导致高碳水化合物饮食，这可能有利于体重控制。我们的研究结果表明，在这一人群中，高EF与男性消瘦有关，而在女性中EF与体重状况之间没有联系。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationships between eating frequency (EF) and body weight status and to determine whether these relationships can be explained in terms of differences in physical activity levels, macronutrient intakes or energy compensation.DESIGN: Cross-sectional design; free-living subjects, 48 men and 47 women (aged 20-55 y, body mass index (BMI) 18-30), recruited in a workplace setting.MEASUREMENTS: Height and weight; skinfold thickness (four sites); EF, energy and macronutrient intakes (food diary, unweighed, recorded for seven consecutive days); physical activity (7 d activity diary and heart rate monitoring over 48 h period).RESULTS: In men there was a significant negative correlation between EF and body weight, and an inverse relationship with body mass index (BMI). EF was positively correlated with % energy from carbohydrate, although not with total energy intake. In women, there was no relationship between EF and body weight status; however, there were significant positive correlations between EF and total energy intake, and between EF and intakes of total carbohydrate and sugars. For both men and women, there were associations between EF and physical activity levels, approaching statistical significance.CONCLUSIONS: In men, the association between increased EF and lower body weight status may have been influenced by increased physical activity levels. As energy intake did not increase with EF, men appear to have compensated by reducing the mean energy consumed per eating episode. Energy compensation did not take place in women, with women who ate most frequently having the highest energy intakes, although this did not lead to higher BMIs. Physical activity, through participation in active leisure pursuits, may have been an important factor in weight control in women. The % contribution of carbohydrate to total energy was positively correlated with EF in both men and women, and further analysis showed that snack foods provided a higher proportion of carbohydrate than did foods eaten as meals. These results indicate that a high EF is likely to lead to a high carbohydrate diet, which may be favourable for weight control. Our findings suggest that in this population, a high EF was associated with leanness in men, and there was no link between EF and body weight status in women.