Figural relationship effects and mechanisms of visual masking.
Figural relationship effects and mechanisms of visual masking.
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视觉掩蔽的图形关系效应和机制。
DOI：
10.1037//0096-1523.5.1.88
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发表时间：
1979
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Prasse
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Hellige;D. A. Walsh;V. W. Lawrence;M. Prasse
在三个视觉模式掩蔽实验中，四个弯曲字母（C、O、Q、S）和四个角形字母（E、I、L、T）分别作为目标，前后分别是弯曲掩模（Q、S和C叠加）或角形掩模（T和E叠加）。在暗注视和刺激间隔场和目标-掩模能量产生清晰可识别目标的情况下，发现了以下图形关系效应。在0 - 20毫秒的刺激启动异步（soa）中（前向和后向掩蔽），当目标和掩蔽完全重叠（相同特征）时，目标识别比不重叠（不同特征）时更准确。在超过20毫秒的反向掩蔽soa中，这种模式被逆转，但在正向掩蔽中没有这种逆转。这些结果表明，在0到20毫秒的soa中，掩蔽的主要机制是随时间的亮度求和，但是在更长的soa中，亮度求和让位于特定于特征的干扰。随后的实验表明：(a)通过使用明亮的固定和间刺激场可以减少亮度叠加效应，(b)通过使用低能量（因此，不完全可识别）的目标和掩模可以消除特征特异性干扰。
In each of three visual pattern masking experiments, four curved letters (C, O, Q, S) and four angular letters (E, I, L, T) served as targets preceded or followed by either a curved mask (Q,S, and C superimposed) or an angular mask (T and E superimposed). With a dark fixation and interstimulus interval field and target-mask engergies that produce clearly identifiable targets, the following figural relationship effects were found. At stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) from 0 to 20 msec (in both forward and backward masking), target recognition was more accurate when targets and masks overlapped exactly (same features) than when they did not (different features). At backward masking SOAs beyond 20 msec, this pattern was reversed, but there was no such reversal in forward masking. Such results indicate that the dominant mechanism of masking at SOAs from 0 to 20 msec is luminance summation over time but that luminance summation gives way to feature-specific interference at longer SOAs. Subsequent experiments demonstrate that (a) luminance summation effects are reduced by using bright fixation and interstimulus fields and (b) feature-specific interference is eliminated by using low-energy (and, therefore, less than perfectly identifiable) targets and masks.