A review of rapid response options for the control of ABWMAC listed introduced marine pest species and related taxa in Australian waters
A review of rapid response options for the control of ABWMAC listed introduced marine pest species and related taxa in Australian waters
复制标题
DOI：
10.4225/08/585d6778a2fd3
复制
发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
F. McEnnulty;N. Bax;B. Schaffelke;Marnie L Campbell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. McEnnulty;N. Bax;B. Schaffelke;Marnie L Campbell
概述了澳大利亚水域引进的海洋有害生物种类和相关分类群，并对ABWMAC快速反应控制方案进行了综述。1999年达尔文对mytillopsis sp.入侵的快速反应得益于其近亲斑马贻贝（Dreissena polymorpha）的控制信息。人们认识到，为了对可能在澳大利亚出现的其他海洋有害生物物种迅速作出反应，也需要类似的资料。在国家遗产信托基金海岸和清洁海洋倡议的支持下，引进海洋有害生物研究中心（CRIMP）承诺开发一个“快速反应工具箱”，该工具箱将提供可用反应策略的摘要。这篇文献综述构成了快速反应工具箱的基础。当屏障控制失败时，快速反应是首选的方法。成功的快速反应需要：早期发现、支持性法律框架、行动能力、隔离受感染地区的能力、减少未来感染风险的能力，以及根除被隔离人群的工具。现有技术仅限于消灭分布受限或生活史阶段受限的害虫。消灭害虫的一个制约因素是能否获得针对目标害虫的特定控制技术，同时尽量减少对其他物种或其环境的附带损害。目前只开发了几种特定种类的水生农药(例如；淡水七鳃鳗用TFM（3-三氟甲基-4-硝基酚），海洋环境中没有。成功根除外来海洋种群只发生在入侵被限制在小区域的地方。这些措施包括使用化学品（达尔文的Mytilopsis sp.），物理清除和掩埋（圣文森特湾的Perna canaliculus），物理清除潜在宿主（加利福尼亚的寄生sabellid shell borer），以及重复物理清除（西班牙Cala D'Or的Caulerpa taxifolia）。我们建议使用风险评估方法来权衡根除的相对成本、收益和风险与不采取行动的选择。为了协助这一过程，提出了一个快速反应决策树，其中的分支是：确定问题的大小，设定和澄清目标，考虑各种备选方案，确定风险，减少风险，评估全面实施的利益/风险，以及监测。提出了一个决策指标来评价环境因素与经济因素之间的权衡。对可能的应对方案的审查集中在那些被确定对澳大利亚构成最大风险的物种上。
A review of rapid response options for the control of ABWMAC listed introduced marine pest species and related taxa in Australian waters. SUMMARY Rapid response to the Mytilopsis sp. invasion in Darwin in 1999 was facilitated by ready access to information on control of a close relative, the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha. It was recognised that similar information would be necessary in order to respond rapidly to other marine pest species likely to establish in Australia. The Centre for Research on Introduced Marine Pests (CRIMP), supported by the National Heritage Trust Coast and Clean Seas initiative, undertook to develop a 'Rapid Response Toolbox' that would provide a summary of available response strategies. This literature review forms the basis of the Rapid Response Toolbox. Rapid response is the preferred approach when barrier controls have failed. Successful rapid response requires: early detection, a supportive legal framework, a capacity to act, an ability to quarantine the infested area, the capacity to reduce the risk of future infestations, and the tools to eradicate the quarantined population. Available technologies are limited to eradications of pests with restricted distributions or restricted life history stages. A constraint of eradication is the availability of specific control techniques for target pest species with minimal collateral damage to other species or their environment. Only a few taxa-specific aquatic pesticides have been developed (eg. TFM (3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol) for freshwater lampreys) and none are available for the marine environment. Successful eradication of introduced marine populations has only occurred where incursions have been restricted to small areas. These have involved the use of chemicals (Mytilopsis sp. in Darwin), physical removal and burial (Perna canaliculus in Gulf St Vincent), physical removal of potential hosts (parasitic sabellid shell borer in California), and repeated physical removal (Caulerpa taxifolia in Cala D'Or, Spain). We recommend the use of a risk assessment approach to weigh the relative costs, benefits and risks of eradication versus the option of taking no action. To assist in this process, a rapid response decision tree is proposed in which the branches are: establishment of magnitude of problem, setting and clarification of objectives, consideration of full range of alternatives, determination of risks, reduction of risk, assessment of benefits/risks of full-scale implementation, and monitoring. A decision index is suggested to assess the trade-offs between environmental and economic factors. This review of possible response options concentrates on those species identified as posing the greatest risk to Australia …