The peri-urban water poor:: citizens or consumers?
The peri-urban water poor:: citizens or consumers?
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DOI：
10.1177/0956247806069608
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hofmann, Pascale
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allen, Adriana;Davila, Julio D.;Hofmann, Pascale
本文利用在五个大都市地区进行的一项为期三年的比较研究项目的结果，回顾了城市周边贫困居民和生产者获取水和卫生设施的一系列做法。研究始于这样一个观察结果：集中供应政策以及通过例如大型盈利企业所形成的市场都无法满足他们的需求。尽管他们是消费者，因为他们别无选择，只能按市场价格支付水费（而且往往还要支付卫生设施费用），但实际上，城市周边的贫困人口有时被视为拥有诸如用水权等基本权利的公民。本文概述了在获取城市周边水和卫生服务方面“政策驱动”和“需求驱动”做法之间的概念区别。案例研究表明，这种获取主要是需求驱动且非正式的，而不是正式政策的结果。水和卫生设施结构性改善的关键在于承认这些做法，并在新的治理制度下将它们与正式系统相结合。
Using the results of a comparative three-year research project in five metropolitan areas, this article reviews a range of practices in accessing water and sanitation by peri-urban poor residents and producers. It starts from the observation that neither centralized supply policies nor the market through, for example, large-scale profit-making enterprises are able to meet their needs. Although they are consumers insofar as they have no option but to pay market prices for water (and often for sanitation), the peri-urban poor are, in practice, sometimes regarded as citizens with basic entitlements such as the right to water. This article outlines a conceptual distinction between "policy-driven" and "needs-driven" practices in the access to peri-urban water and sanitation services. The case studies show that this access is mainly needs-driven and informal rather than the result of formal policies. The key to structural improvements in water and sanitation lies in the recognition of these practices and their articulation to the formal system under new governance regimes.