Effects of Age on the Temporal Organization of Working Memory in Deaf Signers
Effects of Age on the Temporal Organization of Working Memory in Deaf Signers
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DOI：
10.1080/13825580903311832
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Ronnberg, Jerker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rudner, Mary;Davidsson, Lena;Ronnberg, Jerker
聋人本地签名者有一个一般的工作记忆（WM）的能力，类似于听力非签名者，但不太敏感的时间顺序存储的项目检索。一般的工作记忆能力随着年龄的增长而下降，但很少有人知道认知老化如何影响聋人的工作记忆功能。我们调查了WM功能的老年聋人签名（EDS）和年龄匹配的对照组听力非签名（EHN）使用的范例，旨在突出项目和订单信息的时间和空间处理的差异。EDS表现不如EHN的项目和订单识别使用时间风格的介绍。再分析与早期的数据表明，与时间风格的介绍，顺序识别性能EDS也低于年轻的成年聋人签名。年长的参与者比年轻的参与者反应更慢。这些发现表明，除了与年龄相关的减慢（无论感官和语言状态如何）之外，当时间处理要求很高时，聋人手语在保留WM中顺序信息的能力方面还存在与年龄相关的差异。这可能是由于使用手语引起的神经重组。并发空间信息与混合风格的呈现导致增强的顺序处理的所有群体，这表明，并发的时间和空间线索可能会提高学习聋人和听力组。这些研究结果支持并扩展了工作记忆模型的语言理解的易用性。
Deaf native signers have a general working memory (WM) capacity similar to that of hearing non-signers but are less sensitive to the temporal order of stored items at retrieval. General WM capacity declines with age, but little is known of how cognitive aging affects WM function in deaf signers. We investigated WM function in elderly deaf signers (EDS) and an age-matched comparison group of hearing non-signers (EHN) using a paradigm designed to highlight differences in temporal and spatial processing of item and order information. EDS performed worse than EHN on both item and order recognition using a temporal style of presentation. Reanalysis together with earlier data showed that with the temporal style of presentation, order recognition performance for EDS was also lower than for young adult deaf signers. Older participants responded more slowly than younger participants. These findings suggest that apart from age-related slowing irrespective of sensory and language status, there is an age-related difference specific to deaf signers in the ability to retain order information in WM when temporal processing demands are high. This may be due to neural reorganisation arising from sign language use. Concurrent spatial information with the Mixed style of presentation resulted in enhanced order processing for all groups, suggesting that concurrent temporal and spatial cues may enhance learning for both deaf and hearing groups. These findings support and extend the WM model for Ease of Language Understanding.