Understanding the transport and CO2 impacts of on-demand meal deliveries: A London case study
Understanding the transport and CO2 impacts of on-demand meal deliveries: A London case study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.cities.2020.102973
复制
发表时间：
2021-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Wise, Sarah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allen, Julian;Piecyk, Maja;Wise, Sarah
随需应变经济的兴起，导致外卖司机（DD）使用自行车、轻便摩托车和汽车从餐馆和快餐店送餐的数量迅速增加，新成立的平台提供商负责处理订单和支付处理，在许多情况下，还负责协调这些配送。目前对城市中心此类活动的集体交通影响以及这在多大程度上给交通运输决策者带来挑战的了解甚少。本文对该行业的市场增长进行了国际审查，并深入了解了与城市地区货运业务相关的关键主题。本文使用一个主要的平台提供商在伦敦提供的膳食交付的大量数据库，量化这些交付的运营绩效及其对交通和环境的影响。平均而言，副署长每日须处理9.6宗派递服务，每次由取件至派递需时25分钟，由食肆至顾客的平均路程为2.2公里（1.4英里）一辆DD行驶41.3公里（25.7英里），案例研究的分析表明，与其他形式的城市道路货运相比，这些按需送餐服务的运输效率相对较低（由汽车运送的膳食负责每运送一吨的铰接式HGV操作所行进的距离的大约1300倍）。报告还强调，与自行车相比，汽车和汽油轻便摩托车送餐的温室气体排放量和运输强度要大得多（每次送餐的温室气体排放量分别是自行车的5倍和11倍）。这些送餐的运输和温室气体排放强度提出了重要的政策问题，特别是考虑到国际上对这些服务的提供和需求迅速增长，在审查和分析的基础上，本文讨论了世界各地城市决策者需要考虑的与这一快速增长部门有关的关键问题，包括车辆燃料来源、道路安全、出行生成率及其对当地居民的影响，以及建议采取的行动。
The rise of the on-demand economy has led to a rapid increase in the delivery of meals from restaurants and fast food outlets by delivery drivers (DDs) using bicycles, mopeds and cars, with newly-established platform providers handling order and payment processing and, in many cases, the co-ordination of these deliveries. Little is currently understood about the collective transport impacts of such activity in urban centres and to what extent this poses challenges for transport policymakers. The paper provides an international review of market growth in this sector together with insight into key topics associated with its freight delivery operations in urban areas. Using a substantial database of meal deliveries made in London by a major platform provider, this paper quantifies the operational performance of these deliveries and their transport and environmental impacts. On average, 9.6 deliveries were undertaken by a DD daily, with each taking 25 min from pickup to delivery with an average trip length, from restaurant to customer of 2.2 km (1.4 miles) a DD travelling 41.3 km (25.7 miles) in total per day, The analysis of the case study indicates the relative transport inefficiency of these on-demand meal deliveries compared to other forms of urban road freight (with a meal delivered by car being responsible for approximately 1300 times the distance travelled by an articulated HGV operation per tonne delivered). It also highlights the far greater GHG emissions and transport intensity associated with meals deliveries by cars and petrol mopeds compared to bicycles (emitting 5 and 11 times more GHGs per meal delivered than bicycles, respectively).The transport and GHG emissions intensity of these meal deliveries raises important policy issues, especially given therapid growth in the provision of, and demand for, these services internationally, Based on the review and analysis, the paper provides a discussion of the key issues that urban policymakers around the world need to take account of in relation to this fast-growing sector including vehicle fuel sources, road safety, trip generation rates and their impacts on local residents, together with recommended actions.