Bronchial effects of aerosolized delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol in healthy and asthmatic subjects.
Bronchial effects of aerosolized delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol in healthy and asthmatic subjects.
复制标题
雾化 δ9-四氢大麻酚对健康和哮喘受试者的支气管影响。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. W. Lodge
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Tashkin;S. Reiss;B. J. Shapiro;B. Calvarese;J. L. Olsen;J. W. Lodge
在11名健康男性和5名哮喘受试者中评价了使用氟利昂推进的定量雾化器以随机、双盲方式给予不同剂量的delta 9-四氢大麻酚对气道动力学、心率和中枢神经系统的影响。将雾化的δ 9-四氢大麻酚的效果与雾化的安慰剂和异丙肾上腺素以及20 mg口服和吸烟的δ 9-四氢大麻酚进行比较。在正常受试者中，在5至20毫克雾化的δ 9-四氢大麻酚后，比气道传导率立即增加，在1至2小时后达到最大值（增加33%至41%），并在2至3小时内显著高于安慰剂值。雾化δ 9-四氢大麻酚的支气管扩张作用在5分钟后小于异丙肾上腺素，但在1至3小时后显著大于异丙肾上腺素。所有剂量的雾化delta 9-四氢大麻酚后的支气管扩张程度相当，但5 mg delta 9-四氢大麻酚引起的心率和中毒水平的增加显著小于20 mg剂量。吸烟的δ 9-四氢大麻酚产生更大的心脏和中毒的影响比雾化或口服δ 9-四氢大麻酚。雾化的δ 9-四氢大麻酚的副作用包括11名正常受试者中的3名轻微咳嗽和/或胸部不适。雾化的δ 9-四氢大麻酚在5名哮喘受试者中的3名中引起显著的支气管扩张，但在另外2名中引起与咳嗽和胸部不适相关的中度至重度支气管收缩。这些发现表明，雾化delat 9-四氢大麻酚虽然能够引起显著的支气管扩张，全身副作用最小，但对气道具有局部刺激作用，这可能使其不适合治疗用途。
Effects on airway dynamics, heart rate, and the central nervous system of various doses of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol administered in a random, double blind fashion using a Freon-propelled, metered-dose nebulizer were evaluated in 11 healthy men and 5 asthmatic subjects. Effects of aerosolized delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol were compared with aerosolized placebo and isoproterenol and with 20 mg of oral and smoked delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol. In the normal subjects, after 5 to 20 mg of aerosolized delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, specific airway conductance increased immediately, reached a maximum (33 to 41 per cent increase) after 1 to 2 hours, and remained significantly greater than placebo values for 2 to 3 hours. The bronchodilator effect of aerosolized delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol was less than that of isoproterenol after 5 min, but significantly greater than that of isoproterenol after 1 to 3 hours. The magnitude of bronchodilatation after all doses of aerosolized delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol was comparable, but 5 mg of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol caused a significantly smaller increase in heart rate and level of intoxication than the 20-mg dose. Smoked delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol produced greater cardiac and intoxicating effects than either aerosolized or oral delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Side effects of aerosolized delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol included slight cough and/or chest discomfort in 3 of the 11 normal subjects. Aerosolized delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol caused significant bronchodilatation in 3 of 5 asthmatic subjects, but caused moderate to severe bronchoconstriction associated with cough and chest discomfort in the other 2. These findings indicate that aerosolized delat9-tetrahydrocannabinol, although capable of causing significant bronchodilatation with minimal systemic side effects, has a local irritating effect on the airways, which may make it unsuitable for therapeutic use.