Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS-attributed mortalities and associated sociodemographic factors in Papua New Guinea: evidence from the comprehensive health and epidemiological surveillance system.
Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS-attributed mortalities and associated sociodemographic factors in Papua New Guinea: evidence from the comprehensive health and epidemiological surveillance system.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058962
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发表时间：
2022-06-30
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Pomat, Willie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bang Nguyen Pham;Abori, Norah;Silas, Vinson D.;Jorry, Ronny;Rao, Chalapati;Okely, Tony;Pomat, Willie
结核病和艾滋病毒/艾滋病是巴布亚新几内亚（PNG）的公共卫生问题。本研究调查了巴布亚新几内亚的结核病和艾滋病毒/艾滋病死亡率以及相关的社会人口因素。作为纵向研究的一部分，使用WHO 2016 VA仪器进行了死因推断（VA）访谈，以收集2018年至2020年综合健康和流行病学监测系统集水区内社区发生的926例死亡的数据。InterVA-5死因分析工具用于指定具体死因（COD）。进行多项logistic回归分析，以确定相关的社会人口统计学因素，估计调整后的OR（AOR）、95% CI和p值。结核病和艾滋病毒/艾滋病是传染病的主要死因，分别占总死亡人数的9%和8%。年轻人（25-34岁）死于结核病的比例最高（20%），该年龄组死于结核病的风险是75岁以上人群的5倍（AOR：5.5（95% CI 1.4 - 21.7））。与农村人口相比，城市人口死于这种疾病的可能性低46%，尽管差异不显著（AOR：0.54（95%CI 0.3至1.0））。来自中等家庭财富五分之一的人死于结核病的可能性是最富有的五分之一的人的三倍（AOR：3.0（95% CI 1.3至7.4））。年轻人死于艾滋病毒/艾滋病的比例也最高（18%），与75岁以上的人相比，死于这种疾病的可能性几乎高出7倍（AOR：6.7（95% CI 1.7至25.4））。男性死于艾滋病毒/艾滋病的可能性比女性低48%（AOR：0.52（95% CI 0.3 - 0.9））。城市人口死于艾滋病毒/艾滋病的风险比农村人口低54%（AOR：0.46（95%CI 0.2 - 0.9））。巴布亚新几内亚需要针对弱势群体采取结核病和艾滋病毒/艾滋病干预措施，以减少这些疾病造成的过早死亡。
Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV/AIDS are public health concerns in Papua New Guinea (PNG). This study examines TB and HIV/AIDS mortalities and associated sociodemographic factors in PNG. As part of a longitudinal study, verbal autopsy (VA) interviews were conducted using the WHO 2016 VA Instrument to collect data of 926 deaths occurred in the communities within the catchment areas of the Comprehensive Health and Epidemiological Surveillance System from 2018 to 2020. InterVA-5 cause of deaths analytical tool was used to assign specific causes of death (COD). Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify associated sociodemographic factors, estimate adjusted ORs (AOR), 95% CIs and p values. TB and HIV/AIDS were the leading CODs from infectious diseases, attributed to 9% and 8% of the total deaths, respectively. Young adults (25–34 years) had the highest proportion of deaths from TB (20%) and the risk of dying from TB among this age group was five times more likely than those aged 75+ years (AOR: 5.5 (95% CI 1.4 to 21.7)). Urban populations were 46% less likely to die from this disease compared rural ones although the difference was not significant (AOR: 0.54 (95% CI 0.3 to 1.0)). People from middle household wealth quintile were three times more likely to die from TB than those in the richest quintile (AOR: 3.0 (95% CI 1.3 to 7.4)). Young adults also had the highest proportion of deaths to HIV/AIDS (18%) and were nearly seven times more likely to die from this disease compared with those aged 75+years (AOR: 6.7 (95% CI 1.7 to 25.4)). Males were 48% less likely to die from HIV/AIDS than females (AOR: 0.52 (95% CI 0.3 to 0.9)). The risk of dying from HIV/AIDS in urban population was 54% less likely than their rural counterparts (AOR: 0.46 (95% CI 0.2 to 0.9)). TB and HIV/AIDS interventions are needed to target vulnerable populations to reduce premature mortality from these diseases in PNG.
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影响因子：
7.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
Luchters S