Essential Workers and Care Penalties in the United States
Essential Workers and Care Penalties in the United States
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DOI：
10.1080/13545701.2020.1828602
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发表时间：
2020-11-03
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Smith, Kristin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Folbre, Nancy;Gautham, Leila;Smith, Kristin
在美国新冠肺炎大流行的早期阶段，官方将这一新类别的工作者标记为“必要的”，其中包括在护理服务部门工作的很大一部分女性。在许多此类服务中，健康风险通常被认为是工作的一部分，危险津贴得不到补偿。在之前女权主义研究解释护理工作贬值的基础上，本文使用了美国当前人口调查的最新数据，表明从事基本护理服务工作的工人--尤其是女性--的收入低于其他基本工作人员。这种模式不能用工会率的差异来解释，而是指出了讨价还价能力的其他差异，包括影响医生和护士收入的制度因素。随着大流行的持续，护理处罚对未来护理服务的供应具有重大影响，突显出需要发展广泛的联盟，以挑战护理工作被低估的问题。
The new category of workers officially labeled "essential" in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States includes a large percentage of women working in care services. In many of these services, health risks are often considered part of the job and are uncompensated by hazard pay. Building on previous feminist research explaining the devaluation of care work, this paper uses the most recent available data from the US Current Population Survey to show that workers in essential care service jobs - especially women - earn less than other essential workers. This pattern cannot be explained by differences in unionization rates and points to other differences in bargaining power, including institutional factors influencing the earnings of doctors and nurses. Care penalties have significant implications for the future supply of care services as the pandemic persists, highlighting the need to develop broad coalitions to challenge the undervaluation of care work.