Temporal Reward Discounting in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: The Contribution of Symptom Domains, Reward Magnitude, and Session Length
Temporal Reward Discounting in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: The Contribution of Symptom Domains, Reward Magnitude, and Session Length
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.10.033
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发表时间：
2010-04-01
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Kaczkurkin, Antonia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scheres, Anouk;Tontsch, Chandra;Kaczkurkin, Antonia
背景资料：理论模型假设注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的一个核心问题是异常的奖励处理。时间奖励折扣（由于奖励前延迟而导致主观奖励值的减少）是有趣的，因为它与ADHD冲动性的一个关键症状有关。本研究调查了1）陡峭的时间奖励折扣（TD）是否与ADHD合并型（ADHD-C）/多动-冲动症状相关; 2）奖励幅度在ADHD-C/多动-冲动症状参与者TD中的作用; 3）ADHD-C/多动-冲动症状参与者的陡峭TD是否受到会话长度的影响。三个TD任务管理的儿童和青少年（6-17岁）与ADHD-C（n = 25），ADHD注意力不集中型（ADHD-I; n = 20），和匹配的典型发展的参与者（n = 37）。奖励幅度和会话长度varied.Results：陡峭的TD与ADHD-C的参与者，但不与ADHD-I，独立的奖励幅度和会话长度。维度分析显示，陡峭的TD与多动症冲动（超越任意截止ADHD亚型），特别是当奖励幅度在审判level.Conclusions：这些研究结果表明，陡峭的TD在ADHD是最好的思想作为一个相关的症状维度多动症/冲动。此外，ADHD的TD陡峭是延迟和奖励幅度之间权衡的结果，所有因素都有助于选择偏好。这些发现可能有助于完善ADHD的延迟厌恶理论，并为独特的奖励处理是与多动-冲动症状相关的机制提供证据。
Background: Theoretical models have hypothesized that one core problem in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is abnormal reward processing. Temporal reward discounting (decreases in subjective reward value due to prereward delay) is of interest because of its relation with a key symptom of ADHD impulsivity. This study investigated 1) whether steep temporal reward discounting (TD) is associated with ADHD combined type (ADHD-C)/symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity specifically; 2) the role of reward magnitude in TD in ADHD-C/participants with symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity; and 3) whether steep TD in ADHD-C/participants with symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity is affected by session length.Methods: Three TD tasks were administered to children and adolescents (aged 6-17) with ADHD-C (n = 25), ADHD inattentive type (ADHD-I; n = 20), and matched typically developing participants (n = 37). Reward magnitude and session length were varied.Results: Steep TD was observed in participants with ADHD-C but not in those with ADHD-I, independent of reward magnitude and session length. Dimensional analyses revealed that steep TD was associated with hyperactivity-impulsivity (transcending the arbitrary cutoff for ADHD subtypes), especially when reward magnitude at the trial level was small.Conclusions: These findings suggest that steep TD in ADHD is best thought of as a correlate of the symptom dimension of hyperactivity/impulsivity. Additionally, steep TD in ADHD is the result of a trade-off between delay and reward magnitude, with all factors contributing to choice preferences. These findings may help refine the delay aversion theory of ADHD, and provide evidence for the notion that unique reward processing is one mechanism associated with symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity.