The reciprocal relationship between melanization and tyrosinase activity in melanosomes (melanin granules).
The reciprocal relationship between melanization and tyrosinase activity in melanosomes (melanin granules).
复制标题
黑色素体（黑色素颗粒）中黑色化与酪氨酸酶活性之间的相互关系。
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a127360
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发表时间：
1961
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Thomas B. Fitzpatrick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Seiji;Thomas B. Fitzpatrick
在哺乳动物中，黑色素是在一种特殊的细胞--黑素细胞中，通过一种含铜的氧化酶--酪氨酸酶（1·3）的作用合成的。这种酶催化酪氨酸（黑色素的前体）有氧氧化为单体5，6-二羟基吲哚;该单体进而转化为大的聚合物，该聚合物可能通过其醌键与色素颗粒的蛋白质基质的氨基或巯基相连。已经表明哺乳动物酪氨酸酶附着于特定的细胞质颗粒（4，5）。“黑素体“这个名字是为这些独特的、具有酶活性的颗粒而提出的，这些颗粒是黑色素形成的位点，并且仅在黑素细胞的细胞质中发现（6）。生物化学和电子显微镜研究表明，黑素体与线粒体不同（6）。电子显微镜揭示了莫尔
In mammals, melanin pigment is synthe sized in a speciffc cell, the melanocyte, by the action of a copper-containing oxidase, tyrosinase (1•`3). This enzyme catalyzes the aerobic oxidation of tyrosine, the precursor of melanin, to a monomer, 5,6-dihydroxy indole; this monomer, in turn, is transformed into a large polymer which is probably at tached through its quinone linkages to the amino or sulfhydryl groups of the protein matrix of the pigment granule. It has been shown that mammalian tyrosinase is attached to a specific cytoplasmic particle (4, 5). The name " melanosome " has been proposed for these distinctive, enzymatically active particles which are the site of melanin formation and are found only within the cytoplasm of the melanocyte (6). Melanosomes have been shown by biochemical and electronmicroscopic studies to be different from mitochondia (6). Electronmicroscopy has revealed the mor