Morphological integration between the cranial base and the face in children and adults
Morphological integration between the cranial base and the face in children and adults
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7580.2011.01346.x
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Halazonetis, Demetrios J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gkantidis, Nikolaos;Halazonetis, Demetrios J.
本研究的主要目的是评估面部和基本颅骨(中线和侧面)之间的形态协变，并评估两个特定发育阶段的整合模式。将71名儿童(6-10岁)与71名成人(20-35岁)进行比较。将头颅侧位X线片数字化，在中线颅底、侧颅底和面部三个区域共放置了28个标志物。采用几何形态计量学方法，采用偏最小二乘法对三个形状块之间的相关性进行评价。在去除异速生长影响的情况下和没有去除异速生长影响的情况下，进行了形态整合测试。在儿童中，主要是中线和较小程度的侧颅底与面部有中等程度的相关性。在成人中，面部和中线颅底之间的相关性降低，因为中线颅底比外侧基座更早停止发育。然而，侧颅底保留了，甚至加强了它与面部的相关性。这表明共同发育时序的持续时间是影响颅面结构整合的重要因素。然而，尽管在发育过程中颅底之间的主要角色发生了明显的转换，但整合模式保持稳定，从而支持了遗传而不是功能在颅面形状的建立和发育中的作用。
The primary aim of the present study was to assess morphological covariation between the face and the basicranium (midline and lateral), and to evaluate patterns of integration at two specific developmental stages. A group of 71 children (6-10 years) was compared with a group of 71 adults (20-35 years). Lateral cephalometric radiographs were digitized and a total of 28 landmarks were placed on three areas; the midline cranial base, the lateral cranial base and the face. Geometric morphometric methods were applied and partial least squares analysis was used to evaluate correlation between the three shape blocks. Morphological integration was tested both with and without removing the effect of allometry. In children, mainly the midline and, to a lesser extent, the lateral cranial base were moderately correlated to the face. In adults, the correlation between the face and the midline cranial base, which ceases development earlier than the lateral base, was reduced. However, the lateral cranial base retained and even strengthened its correlation to the face. This suggests that the duration of common developmental timing is an important factor that influences integration between craniofacial structures. However, despite the apparent switch of primary roles between the cranial bases during development, the patterns of integration remained stable, thereby supporting the role of genetics over function in the establishment and development of craniofacial shape.