Grass Swale-Perforated Pipe Systems for Stormwater Management
Grass Swale-Perforated Pipe Systems for Stormwater Management
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DOI：
10.1061/(asce)0733-9437(2006)132:1(55
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发表时间：
2006-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Abida;J. Sabourin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Abida;J. Sabourin
对多孔管在雨水水量和水质控制方面的性能和潜力进行了评价。所研究的设计包括一个草滩，由一段封闭在渗透沟中的穿孔管构成。草沟穿孔管系统产生了令人愉快的无边设计，在低密度居民区可以取代明渠系统。安大略省、加拿大西部和美国的53个城镇和市政当局完成了一项调查，对目前的设计实践和施工方法进行了评估。市政经验调查显示，尽管有50%的市政当局有过将穿孔管道用作雨水管道的经验，但只有少数市政当局使用草沟和多孔管道相结合的系统来进行城市径流入渗。然而，76%的受访者愿意将该系统作为其他雨水管理方法的替代方案。通过一系列的实验室测试发现，从管子穿孔中渗出的速度与孔口面积并不成正比。结果表明，孔板流量系数随孔板尺寸和孔板上方压头的不同而不同。通过田间试验，测定了典型草沟和既有管沟的入渗速率。所获得的渗透率与文献值一致。最后，根据3个月的现场监测方案，合理设计的穿孔管道系统的季节总流量比常规雨水系统小13倍，这表明了穿孔管道系统对水文收支和污染物负荷的有利影响。
The performance and potential of perforated pipes for stormwater quantity and quality control is evaluated. The studied design consists of a grass swale underlain by a section of perforated pipe enclosed in an infiltration trench. The grass swale-perforated pipe system results in a pleasant curbless design, which may replace open ditch systems, in low density residential areas. Current design practices and construction methods were assessed by a survey completed by 53 towns and municipalities in Ontario, Western Canada and the United States. The survey of municipal experience showed that while 50% of the municipalities have experience with perforated pipes used as storm sewers, only few municipalities used a combined system of grass swales and perforated pipes for the purpose of urban runoff infiltration. Seventy six percent of the respondents however are willing to use the system as an alternative to other stormwater management methods. Through a series of laboratory tests, it was found that exfiltration rate out of pipe perforation is not directly proportional to the orifice area. The analysis of the results indicated that the orifice discharge coefficient varied with orifice size and the head above the orifice. Field tests were conducted to measure the infiltration rates of typical grass swales and existing pipe trenches. The infiltration rates obtained were found to be consistent with literature values. Finally, according to a 3 month field monitoring program, the total seasonal discharge for a properly designed perforated pipe system was found to be 13 times smaller than for a conventional stormwater system, which shows the favorable effect of the perforated pipe system on the hydrologic budget and pollutant loading.