SURVIVAL AFTER THE AGE OF 80 IN THE UNITED-STATES, SWEDEN, FRANCE, ENGLAND, AND JAPAN
SURVIVAL AFTER THE AGE OF 80 IN THE UNITED-STATES, SWEDEN, FRANCE, ENGLAND, AND JAPAN
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DOI：
10.1056/nejm199511023331824
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发表时间：
1995-11-02
影响因子：
158.5
通讯作者：
VAUPEL, JW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MANTON, KG;VAUPEL, JW
背景在许多发达国家，出生时的预期寿命高于美国。新获得的数据首次允许对80岁或80岁以上的人的死亡率进行可靠的跨国比较。这样的比较很重要，因为在许多发达国家，现在超过一半的妇女和三分之一的男子在80岁以后死亡。我们使用非线性队列方法评估了日本、瑞典、法国和英格兰（包括威尔士）以及1880年至1894年出生的美国白人队列的死亡率，并使用了1987年的横截面数据。灭绝队列方法依赖于从死亡证明中连续收集的数据，而不使用人口普查中可靠性较低的数据。在美国，80岁时的预期寿命和80岁至100岁的存活率显著高于瑞典、法国、英国和日本（P
Background. In many developed countries, life expectancy at birth is higher than in the United States. Newly available data permit, for the first time, reliable cross-national comparisons of mortality among persons 80 years of age or older. Such comparisons are important, because in many developed countries more than half of women and a third of men now die after the age of 80.Methods. We used extinct-cohort methods to assess mortality in Japan, Sweden, France, and England (including Wales) and among U.S. whites for cohorts born from 1880 to 1894, and used cross-sectional data for the year 1987. Extinct-cohort methods rely on continuously collected data from death certificates and do not use the less reliable data from censuses.Results. In the United States, life expectancy at the age of 80 and survival from the ages of 80 to 100 significantly exceeded life expectancy in Sweden, France, England, and Japan (P