Mixed messages: Residents' experiences learning cross-cultural care
Mixed messages: Residents' experiences learning cross-cultural care
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DOI：
10.1097/00001888-200509000-00019
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Weissman, JS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Park, ER;Betancourt, JR;Weissman, JS
目的 医学研究所 2002 年发布的一份报告指出，跨文化培训是解决医疗保健方面种族和民族差异的一种机制，但人们对住院医师培训以及为不同人群提供优质医疗服务的能力知之甚少。本文探讨了选定的一组居民对其为不同人群提供优质护理的准备情况的看法。方法 对全国各地的 68 名居民进行了 7 个焦点小组和 10 次个人访谈。对焦点小组和个人访谈记录进行定性分析，以评估居民对以下方面的看法：(1) 为不同患者提供护理的准备情况； (2) 教育氛围； (3) 培训经历。结果 本研究中的大多数住院医师都注意到跨文化护理的重要性，但很少报告在该领域接受过正式培训。居民希望接受更正式的培训，但担心特定文化的培训可能会导致刻板印象。大多数住院医师都掌握了专门的、非正式的技能来照顾不同的患者。尽管居民感受到了机构的认可，但由于缺乏时间和资源，他们感到这不是一个优先事项。 结论 这项研究中的居民报告说收到了有关跨文化护理的混杂信息。他们被告知这很重要，但他们几乎没有接受过正式培训，也没有时间以文化敏感的方式治疗不同的患者。结果，许多人形成了应对行为，而不是基于正式教授的最佳实践的技能。如果医疗行业要实现医学研究所设定的目标，培训环境需要增加培训，以增强居民提供高质量跨文化护理的准备。
Purpose An Institute of Medicine report issued in 2002 cited cross-cultural training as a mechanism to address racial and ethnic disparities in health care, but little is known about residents' training and capabilities to provide quality care to diverse populations. This article explores a select group of residents' perceptions of their preparedness to deliver quality care to diverse populations.Method Seven focus groups and ten individual interviews were conducted with 68 residents in locations nationwide. Qualitative analysis of focus-group and individual interview transcripts was performed to assess residents' perceptions of (1) preparedness to deliver care to diverse patients; (2) educational climate; and (3) training experiences.Results Most residents in this study noted the importance of cross-cultural care yet reported little formal training in this area. Residents wanted more formal training yet expressed concern that culture-specific training could lead to stereotyping. Most residents had developed ad hoc, informal skills to care for diverse patients. Although residents perceived institutional endorsement, they sensed it was a low priority due to lack of time and resources.Conclusions Residents in this study reported receiving mixed messages about cross-cultural care. They were told it is important, yet they received little formal training and did not have time to treat diverse patients in a culturally sensitive manner. As a result, many developed coping behaviors rather than skills based on formally taught best practices. Training environments need to increase training to enhance residents' preparedness to deliver high-quality cross-cultural care if the medical profession is to achieve the goals set by the Institute of Medicine.