Attitudes toward disaster-prevention risk in Japanese coastal areas: analysis of civil preference
Attitudes toward disaster-prevention risk in Japanese coastal areas: analysis of civil preference
复制标题
日本沿海地区对防灾风险的态度：民众偏好分析
DOI：
10.1007/s11069-016-2210-7
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Tohru Nakashizuka & Shunsuke Managi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kohei Imamura;Kohei Takenaka;Takano;Nobuhito Mori;Tohru Nakashizuka & Shunsuke Managi
面对风暴潮、风暴潮和海啸等潜在的沿海灾害，日本计划沿着沿海地区建造海堤或防波堤等沿海建筑物。然而，公众之间存在一些冲突，是否应该进行这样的建设或是否应该保护自然海岸。本研究采用选择实验的方法，调查沿海居民对以下两个问题的看法：（1）作为海堤建设代价的沿海野生动物物种损失的可接受程度;（2）作为减少灾害风险妥协的沿海野生动物保护的支付意愿;（3）个体特征对海岸管理中大众偏好的影响，如出海的频率和公众对灾害风险的认识;以及（4）民间对科学信息的信任。这项调查是在日本沿海城市的7496名受访者中进行的。因此，可接受的沿海野生动物物种损失为18.7%。保护沿海野生动物的边际支付意愿为680.95日元/人。我们发现，经常出海的人更喜欢生态系统保护，不喜欢海堤建设，而强烈认识到灾害风险的人更喜欢海堤建设。此外，我们发现，民间信任的科学信息会影响公民的偏好，沿海管理。我们的研究表明，需要减少沿海建设对沿海生态系统的负面影响，并考虑其他选择，如基于生态系统的减少灾害风险。它还表明了提高公众对科学信息的信任，使公民能够就沿海管理作出更好的决定的社会影响。
Facing potential coastal disasters such as storm surges, storm waves, and tsunamis, Japan has planned the construction of coastal structures such as seawalls or breakwaters along its coastal areas. However, some conflicts exist among the public whether such constructions should be undertaken or whether the natural coast should be conserved. This study uses a choice experiment to investigate opinions of coastal citizens about (1) the acceptable loss of coastal wildlife species as a tradeoff for seawalls; (2) the willingness to pay (WTP) for conservation of coastal wildlife as a compromise for disaster risk reduction; (3) the influence on popular preferences in coastal management of individual characteristics, such as frequency of visiting the sea and public recognition of disaster risk; and (4) civil trust in scientific information. The survey was conducted among 7496 respondents in municipalities around the Japanese coast. As a result, the acceptable loss of coastal wildlife species was 18.7 %. The marginal WTP for conserving the coastal wildlife was 680.95 JPY per percent in the number of species per capita. We found that people who frequently visit the sea preferred ecosystem conservation and disliked seawall construction, whereas people strongly recognizing disaster risks preferred seawall construction. Furthermore, we found that civil trust in scientific information affects civil preferences regarding coastal management. Our study indicates the need to reduce negative effects of coastal constructions on coastal ecosystems and to consider other options, such as ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction. It also indicates the social influences of raising public trust in scientific information to enable citizens to make better decisions regarding coastal management.