Rates of nucleotide substitution in primates and rodents and the generation time effect hypothesis
Rates of nucleotide substitution in primates and rodents and the generation time effect hypothesis
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DOI：
10.1006/mpev.1996.0012
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发表时间：
1996-02-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
HewettEmmett, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, WH;Ellsworth, DL;HewettEmmett, D
来自内含子、侧翼区和ETA珠蛋白假基因区域的DNA序列数据都表明，在分离这两个谱系后，旧大陆猴子谱系中的核苷酸替换率显著高于人类谱系，换句话说，这些数据支持类人猿速度减慢假说。来自蛋白质序列和DNA序列的数据显示，啮齿类动物的进化速度明显高于灵长类动物。此外，来自内含子的DNA序列表明，啮齿类动物的核苷酸替换率至少是高等灵长类动物的两倍，高级灵长类动物的雄性与雌性突变率的比例估计在3：6之间，而小鼠和大鼠的突变率只有2：1。这些比率与高等灵长类和啮齿动物生殖细胞分裂的相应雄性与雌性比率相似，表明生殖细胞分裂过程中DNA复制错误是突变的主要来源，换言之，突变在很大程度上依赖于DNA复制，这一结论进一步支持了世代-时间效应假说。(C)1996年学术出版社。
DNA sequence data from introns, flanking regions, and the eta globin pseudogene region all show a significantly higher rate of nucleotide substitution in the Old World monkey lineage than in the human lineage after the separation of the two lineages, or, in other words, the data support the hominoid rate-slowdown hypothesis. Data from both protein sequences and DNA sequences show that the rate of evolution is significantly higher in the rodent lineage than in the primate lineage. Furthermore, DNA sequences from introns show that the rate of nucleotide substitution is at least two times higher in rodents than in higher primates, The male-to-female ratio of mutation rate is estimated to be between 3 and 6 in higher primates, whereas it is only 2 in mice and rats. These ratios are similar to the corresponding male-to-female ratios of germ cell divisions in higher primates and in rodents, suggesting that errors in DNA replication during germ cell division are the primary source of mutation, or, in other words, mutation is largely DNA replication-dependent, This conclusion provides further support for the generation-time effect hypothesis. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc.