A population-based twin study of lifetime major depression in men and women
A population-based twin study of lifetime major depression in men and women
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DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.56.1.39
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Prescott, CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kendler, KS;Prescott, CA
背景：女性报告的重度抑郁症（MD）发生率高于男性。虽然遗传因素在MD中起着重要的病因学作用，但我们不确定遗传因素在男性和女性中是否同等重要，以及相同的遗传因素是否使男性和女性易患MD。方法：我们通过电话采访获得了DSM-III-R定义的MD终生病史，来自3790对完整的男性-男性、女性-女性和男性-女性双胞胎，通过基于人群的登记确定。使用概率一致性、优势比和生物计量双胞胎模型分析结果。结果：终生MD的优势比（加上四分线相关性）如下：(1)男性-男性同卵，3.29 (+0.37)；(2)雌雄异卵，1.86 (+0.20)；(3)雌雌同卵，3.02(+0.39);(4)雌雌异卵，1.59 (+0.18)；(5)雌雄异卵，1.39（+0.11）。在最佳拟合的双胞胎模型中，男性和女性对MD的遗传能力相同，均为39%，而其余61%的责任变异是由于个体特定环境造成的。我们以适度的信心拒绝了男性和女性患MD的遗传风险因素相同的假设。最佳拟合模型估计两性患MD的遗传相关性为+0.57。虽然我们没有发现违反平等环境假设的证据，但MD在异性双胞胎和同性双胞胎中的女性中较不常见。结论：重度抑郁症在男性和女性中具有相同的遗传性，大多数遗传风险因素在两性中对MD易感性的影响相似。然而，基因可能对男性和女性患MD的风险有不同的作用。
Background: Women report higher rates of major depression (MD) than men. Although genetic factors play an important etiologic role in MD, we are uncertain whether genetic factors are of equal importance in men and women, and whether the same genetic factors predispose men and women to MD.Methods: We obtained, by telephone interview, a lifetime history of MD, defined by the DSM-III-R, from 3790 complete male-male, female-female, and male-female twin pairs, identified through a population-based registry. Results were analyzed using probandwise concordance, odds ratios, and biometrical twin modeling.Results: The odds ratios (plus tetrachoric correlations) for lifetime MD were as follows: (1) male-male monozygotic, 3.29 (+0.37); (2) male-male dizygotic, 1.86 (+0.20); (3) female-female monozygotic, 3.02 (+0.39), (4) female-female dizygotic, 1.59 (+0.18); and (5) male-female dizygotic, 1.39 (+0.11). In the best-fitting twin model, the heritability of liability to MD was the same in men and women and equal to 39%, while the remaining 61% of the variance in liability was due to individual-specific environment. We rejected, with only modest confidence, the hypothesis that the genetic risk factors for MD were the same in men and women. The best-fitting model estimated the genetic correlation in the liability to MD in the 2 sexes to be +0.57. While we found no evidence to suggest a violation of the equal environment assumption, MD was less common in women from opposite-sex vs same-sex twin pairs.Conclusions: Major depression is equally heritable in men and women, and most genetic risk factors influence liability to MD similarly in the 2 sexes. However, genes may exist that act differently on the risk for MD in men vs women.