Understanding the dynamics of Ebola epidemics

Understanding the dynamics of Ebola epidemics
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DOI:
10.1017/s0950268806007217
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发表时间:
2007-05-01
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Flahault, A.
Flahault, A.
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Legrand, J.;Grais, R. F.;Flahault, A.

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埃博拉病毒是一种高度致命的病毒,在1976年至2006年期间在非洲造成了至少14次持续爆发。利用1995年在刚果民主共和国(DRC)和2000年在乌干达的两次流行病的数据,我们建立了一个埃博拉出血热流行病传播的数学模型,同时考虑了不同流行病学环境中的传播。我们估计1995年刚果民主共和国疫情的基本繁殖数(R-0)为2个中心点7 (95% CI 1中心点9-2中心点8),2000年乌干达疫情的基本繁殖数为2个中心点7 (95% CI 2中心点5-4中心点1)。对于每种流行病,我们量化了不同环境(社区疾病、住院和传统埋葬)的传播,并模拟了各种流行病情景,以探索控制干预措施对潜在流行病的影响。一个关键参数是迅速制定控制措施。对于确定的两种流行病概况,住院率的增加降低了预测的流行病规模。
Ebola is a highly lethal virus, which has caused at least 14 continued outbreaks in Africa between 1976 and 2006. Using data from two epidemics [in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in 1995 and in Uganda in 2000], we built a mathematical model for the spread of Ebola haemorrhagic fever epidemics taking into account transmission in different epidemiological settings. We estimated the basic reproduction number (R-0,) to be 2 center dot 7 (95% CI 1 center dot 9-2 center dot 8) for the 1995 epidemic in DRC, and 2 center dot 7 (95 % CI 2 center dot 5-4 center dot 1) for the 2000 epidemic in Uganda. For each epidemic, we quantified transmission in different settings (illness in the community, hospitalization, and traditional burial) and simulated various epidemic scenarios to explore the impact of control interventions on a potential epidemic. A key parameter was the rapid institution of control measures. For both epidemic profiles identified, increasing hospitalization rate reduced the predicted epidemic size.