Fishing livelihoods as key to marine protected areas: insights from the World Parks Congress
Fishing livelihoods as key to marine protected areas: insights from the World Parks Congress
复制标题
渔业生计是海洋保护区的关键：世界公园大会的见解
DOI：
10.1002/aqc.2648
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Sanders
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Charles;L. Westlund;D. Bartley;W. J. Fletcher;S. Garcia;H. Govan;J. Sanders
海洋保护区已成为海洋养护和渔业管理的一个广泛使用的工具。在沿海地区，很明显，海洋保护区的成功和可持续渔业生产的实现需要有效的管理和养护框架，维持体面的渔业生计，以及允许沿海社区、渔民和其他海洋使用者有效参与考虑、设计和实施海洋保护区的治理体系。这些要素对于提供实现生态可持续性所需的社会可持续性至关重要，特别是根据联合国可持续发展目标和《生物多样性公约》爱知目标协调渔业和海洋保护目标。
自1962年成立以来，一系列世界公园大会（WPC）一直关注陆地和海洋领域的保护区。2014年悉尼WPC加强了始于2003年德班WPC的明显运动，即承认与海洋保护区有关的社会和经济问题，包括粮食安全和生计的重要性，以及海洋保护区与渔业之间相互作用的重要性。2014年世界保护大会的许多讨论都集中在海洋保护区的这些人的方面，以及将其纳入海洋保护区决策的必要性。
本文探讨了2014年世界海洋保护大会的进程和成果，重点是人们（特别是渔民）在海洋保护中的作用，特别是在沿海海洋保护区。在此过程中，本文探讨了在WPC结束时制作海洋声明的过程，作为最终“悉尼承诺”宣言的一部分。这一进程引起了一系列关切，包括㈠声明制定过程中的透明度和包容性问题，㈡内容问题，重点是社会和经济结论的表述，以及倡导为禁采区设定具体的MPA目标。本文重点讨论了建设性地超越以环境和以人为本的保护与发展之间仍然存在的紧张关系的潜在战略。
版权所有© 2016约翰威利父子有限公司.
Marine protected areas (MPAs) have become a widely used tool for marine conservation and fisheries management. In coastal areas, it has become clear that the success of MPAs, and the achievement of sustainable fishery production, requires a combination of effective management and conservation frameworks, maintenance of decent fisheries livelihoods, and a governance system that allows for effective participation of coastal communities, fishing people, and other ocean users in considering, designing and implementing MPAs. These ingredients are crucial to provide the social sustainability needed to achieve ecological sustainability, and in particular, to reconcile fisheries and marine conservation objectives, in light of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and Aichi targets of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
Since its inception in 1962, the series of World Parks Congresses (WPC) has focused on protected areas, in both terrestrial and marine domains. The 2014 WPC in Sydney reinforced the apparent movement, started at the Durban WPC of 2003, towards recognition of social and economic issues related to MPAs, including the importance of food security and livelihoods, and the crucial nature of interactions between MPAs and fisheries. Many discussions at the 2014 WPC focused on these human dimensions of MPAs, and the need to incorporate them into MPA decision-making.
This article examines the process and outcomes of the 2014 WPC, with emphasis on the role of people (in particular, fishers) in marine conservation, and particularly in coastal MPAs. In doing so, the article examines the process of producing a Marine Statement at the end of the WPC, as a component of the final ‘Promise of Sydney’ declaration. That process led to a range of concerns including (i) issues over transparency and inclusiveness in the statement's development, and (ii) content issues focused on representation of the social and economic conclusions, and advocacy of a specific MPA target for no-take areas. The article focuses on potential strategies for moving constructively beyond the still existing tensions between environment- and people-focused conservation and development.
Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DOI：
10.5558/tfc64098-2
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique
影响因子：
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作者：
通讯作者：
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为什么人们的捐赠多于公平份额？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
TokyoInstitute of Technology
影响因子：
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作者：
Egashira;S.;Ryoko Morozumi;和田守(編著);大澤武司;松島斉;藤越康祝;Hidano,N,Ogiso,T
通讯作者：
Hidano,N,Ogiso,T