Topology regulatory elements: From shaping genome architecture to gene regulation.

Topology regulatory elements: From shaping genome architecture to gene regulation.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.sbi.2023.102723
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发表时间:
2023-12
影响因子:
6.8
通讯作者:
Long HK
Long HK
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen LF;Long HK

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3D基因组拓扑结构在基因表达控制中的重要性正变得越来越明显,而调控机制仍不完全清楚。最近的几项研究已经确定了通过塑造基因座拓扑结构来影响发育基因表达的结构元素。我们将这些元件称为拓扑调控元件(TopoRE),以反映它们在基因组组织和基因表达中的双重作用。重要的是,这些元件不具有自主转录激活能力,而是似乎促进增强子-启动子相互作用,有助于转录的稳健和精确定时。我们讨论的例子TopoRE从两个类,要么依赖或独立的CTCF绑定。重要的是,TopoRE功能的鉴定和解释可以揭示基因调控的多个方面,包括增强子-启动子邻近性和转录之间的关系,以及增强子-启动子特异性。最终,了解TopoRE的多样性和功能将有助于解释人类序列变异如何影响转录并有助于疾病表型。
The importance of 3D genome topology in the control of gene expression is becoming increasingly apparent, while regulatory mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Several recent studies have identified architectural elements that influence developmental gene expression by shaping locus topology. We refer to these elements as topological regulatory elements (TopoREs) to reflect their dual roles in genome organisation and gene expression. Importantly, these elements do not harbour autonomous transcriptional activation capacity, and instead appear to facilitate enhancer-promoter interactions, contributing to robust and precise timing of transcription. We discuss examples of TopoREs from two classes that are either dependent or independent of CTCF binding. Importantly, identification and interpretation of TopoRE function may shed light on multiple aspects of gene regulation, including the relationship between enhancer-promoter proximity and transcription, and enhancer-promoter specificity. Ultimately, understanding TopoRE diversity and function will aid in the interpretation of how human sequence variation can impact transcription and contribute to disease phenotypes.
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