Detached Leaf Assays for Resistance to Crown Rust Reveal Diversity Within Populations of Avena sterilis.
Detached Leaf Assays for Resistance to Crown Rust Reveal Diversity Within Populations of Avena sterilis.
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离体叶抗冠锈病试验揭示了不育燕麦种群的多样性。
DOI：
10.1094/pdis-06-18-1045-re
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Paczos-Grzeda E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Paczos-Grzeda E
冠锈病是燕麦（Avenaspecies）最广泛和最具破坏性的疾病。对病原体的遗传抗性是作物保护的优选方法，但有限数量的主效基因的广泛应用促进了能够克服这些基因的病原体小种的快速出现和传播。将基因与甚至部分抗性相结合可能有助于开发出耐用的品种，这些品种不易受病原体毒力变化的影响。部分抗性预期在野生物种群体中相对常见，其中恒定的病原体压力鼓励宿主抗性机制的多样性，但在常规的主基因抗性筛选中可能会被丢弃。在这里，我们使用离体叶片测定来检测对冠锈病病原体冠状柄锈菌的抗性。F. sp. avenae，在以前的六倍体野生燕麦relativeA.波兰国家植物遗传资源中心（Polish National Centre for Plant Genetic Resources）许多加入收集在摩洛哥，中心的多样性阿文纳格斯。离体叶片评估允许个体植物受到多种致病型的挑战，并与34种已知的差异进行比较。广谱抗病性被确定在登录PL 51855，表现为一个单一的主基因座杂交到三个品种。该基因座提供了超过50个锈病致病型的抗性，比任何已知的寄主抗性（Pc）基因的范围更大。在其他加入强阻力，并在加入内的反应异质性是常见的。几个加入显示多个部分抗性反应，可能是有价值的发展持久的抗性品种。因为除了两个差异系之外，所有差异系的抗性来源都是在摩洛哥以外收集的，所以在这里测试的所有加入物中的抗性都是潜在的新的。这项研究表明，多样性内A。在摩洛哥收集的不育材料可能是一个非常有价值的冠锈病抗性来源，它提供了新的种质资源，用于抗性育种计划。离体叶评估提供了一个有价值的第一步，在复杂的基因库加入有前途的候选人的识别。
Crown rust is the most widespread and damaging disease of oat (Avenaspecies). Genetic resistance to the pathogen is the preferred method for crop protection but widespread deployment of limited numbers of major effect genes has promoted the rapid emergence and spread of pathogen races that are able to overcome these genes. Combining genes with even partial resistance may help develop durable cultivars that are less vulnerable to changes in pathogen virulence. Partial resistance is expected to be relatively common in populations of wild species where constant pathogen pressure encourages diversity in host resistance mechanisms, but it may be discarded in conventional screens for major gene resistance. Here, we used a detached leaf assay to detect resistance to the crown rust pathogen,Puccinia coronataCda. f. sp.avenae, in previously uncharacterized collections of the hexaploid wild oat relativeA. sterilismade by the Polish National Centre for Plant Genetic Resources. Many of the accessions were collected in Morocco, the center of diversity for theAvenagenus. The detached leaf assessment allowed individual plants to be challenged with multiple pathotypes and their responses compared with 34 known differentials. Broad-spectrum resistance was identified within accession PL 51855, which behaved as a single major locus on crossing to three cultivars. The locus provided resistance to over 50 rust pathotypes, a greater range than seen for any of the known host resistance (Pc) genes. Strong resistance was identified in other accessions, and heterogeneity in response within accessions was common. Several accessions show multiple partial resistance responses that may be of value for developing durable resistance in cultivars. Because the sources of resistance in all but two differential lines were collected outside of Morocco, resistance in all accessions tested here are potentially novel. This study demonstrates that diversity withinA. sterilisaccessions collected in Morocco could be a very valuable source of resistance to crown rust, and it provides new germplasm for use in resistance breeding programs. Detached leaf assessment provides a valuable first step in the identification of promising candidates in complex gene bank accessions.