Sap flow measurements of transpiration from cotton grown under ambient and enriched CO2 concentrations
Sap flow measurements of transpiration from cotton grown under ambient and enriched CO2 concentrations
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DOI：
10.1016/0168-1923(94)90060-4
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发表时间：
1994-09
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
W. Dugas;M. L. Heuer;D. Hunsaker;B. Kimball;K. Lewin;J. Nagy;M. Johnson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Dugas;M. L. Heuer;D. Hunsaker;B. Kimball;K. Lewin;J. Nagy;M. Johnson
大气CO2浓度的增加对农业和林业有许多影响，其中之一是它对蒸腾作用（T）的影响。本工作的目的是量化棉花（Gossypium hirsutumL.）在环境（370 μmol mol−1）和富集（550 μmol mol−1）CO2浓度下生长。1990年和1991年，在亚利桑那州的Marvila农业中心进行了测量。用恒功率液流仪测定了树干液流速率。在1990年，三个工厂，并在1991年，10个工厂同时仪表在每个CO2处理。用量规测量植物的叶面积。1990年和1991年分别用水量平衡法和树干液流法计算了蒸散量和蒸腾量。1991年，使用微型蒸渗仪测量了土壤蒸发，发现在两种CO2处理中基本相等（约0.8 mm day−1，或约T的10%）。两种CO2处理下，不同规格的植株叶面积差异不一致。树干液流，从15分钟到2周的时间，是没有显着差异的两个CO2处理在任何一年，除了在1990年的几天。在1991年，每天的树干液流的变异系数是相同的（约30%）为两个CO2处理全年。水分平衡ET（1990）和T（1991）与树干液流相似，也没有受到CO2处理的影响。这些结果表明，对于这种作物，生长在良好的水分和高肥力条件下，有没有影响的CO2对T，在每单位土地面积或每株植物的基础上。这些结果是相关的大气CO2浓度增加对棉花蒸腾作用的影响进行评估。
Increasing atmospheric CO2concentration has many implications for agriculture and forestry, one of which is the effect it will have on transpiration (T). The objective of this work was to quantify T of cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) grown in the field under ambient (370 μmol mol−1) and enriched (550 μmol mol−1) CO2concentrations. Measurements were made in 1990 and 1991 at the Maricopa Agricultural Center, Arizona. Constant-power sap flow gauges were used to measure T. In 1990, three plants and in 1991, 10 plants were simultaneously instrumented with gauges in each of the CO2treatments. Leaf area of plants with gauges was measured. T measured by sap flow was compared with evapotranspiration (ET) calculated by water balance in 1990 and with T calculated by water balance in 1991. Soil evaporation was measured using microlysimeters in 1991, and was found to be essentially equal (approximately 0.8 mm day−1, or about 10% of T) in the two CO2treatments. There were no consistent differences in leaf area of plants with gauges between the two CO2treatments. Sap flow, for periods from 15 min to 2 weeks, was not significantly different between the two CO2treatments in either year, except for a few days in 1990. In 1991, the coefficient of variation of daily sap flow across plants was the same (about 30%) for both CO2treatments throughout the year. The water balance ET (1990) and T (1991) were similar to sap flow in both years, and also showed no effect of CO2treatment. These results show that for this crop, grown under well-watered and high-fertility conditions, there was no effect of CO2on T, on a per unit ground area or per plant basis. These results are relevant for assessing the effects of increasing atmospheric CO2concentrations on transpiration by cotton.